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Summary
Zika is a virus that is spread mostly by mosquitoes. A pregnant mother can pass it to her baby during pregnancy or around the time of birth. It can spread through sexual contact. There have also been reports that the virus has spread through blood transfusions. There have been outbreaks of Zika virus in the United States, Africa, Southeast Asia, the Pacific Islands, parts of the Caribbean, and Central and South America.
Most people who get the virus do not get sick. One in five people do get symptoms, which can include a fever, rash, joint pain, and conjunctivitis (pink eye). Symptoms are usually mild, and start 2 to 7 days after being bitten by an infected mosquito.
A blood test can tell whether you have the infection. There are no vaccines or medicines to treat it. Drinking lots of fluids, resting, and taking acetaminophen might help.
Zika can cause microcephaly (a serious birth defect of the brain) and other problems in babies whose mothers were infected while pregnant. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that pregnant women do not travel to areas where there is a Zika virus outbreak. If you do decide to travel, first talk to your doctor. You should also be careful to prevent mosquito bites:
- Use insect repellent
- Wear clothes that cover your arms, legs, and feet
- Stay in places that have air conditioning or that use window and door screens
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Symptoms
- Symptoms of Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
Diagnosis and Tests
- Testing and Follow-up on Zika and Pregnancy (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - PDF
-
Zika Virus Test
(National Library of Medicine)
Also in Spanish
Prevention and Risk Factors
- Find the Repellent that is Right for You (Environmental Protection Agency)
- Help Control Mosquitoes that Spread Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika Viruses (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - PDF Also in Spanish
- Protect against Mosquito Bites when Traveling (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) - PDF Also in Spanish
- Zika Virus: Sexual Transmission and Prevention (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
Treatments and Therapies
- Zika Treatment (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
Related Issues
- Microcephaly and Other Birth Defects: Zika Virus (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
- Zika and Guillain-Barré Syndrome (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
- Zika Travel Information (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
- Zika Virus: Plan for Travel (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) Also in Spanish
Specifics
- Zika Q&A (World Health Organization)
Statistics and Research
- Areas at Risk for Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
-
Study of Mosquito Protein Could Lead to Treatments Against Life Threatening Viruses
(National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences)
-
Zika Virus
(National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases)
Clinical Trials
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ClinicalTrials.gov: Zika Virus
(National Institutes of Health)
Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)
- Article: Modelling the transmission of dengue, zika and chikungunya: a scoping review...
- Article: Identification of immunodominant T cell epitopes induced by natural Zika virus...
- Article: Genetic diversity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus from cohabiting fields...
- Zika Virus -- see more articles
Men
- Men and Zika (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Women
- 5 Things to Know About Zika and Pregnancy (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish
Patient Handouts
- Zika virus disease (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish