Glaucoma

On this page

Basics

• Summary
• Start Here
• Diagnosis and Tests
• Learn More
• Treatments and Therapies

Learn More

• Living With
• Related Issues
• Genetics

See, Play and Learn

• Images
• Videos and Tutorials

Research

• Statistics and Research
• Clinical Trials
• Journal Articles

Resources

• Find an Expert

For You

• Children
• Patient Handouts

Summary

Glaucoma is a group of diseases that can damage the eye's optic nerve. It is a leading cause of blindness in the United States. It usually happens when the fluid pressure inside the eyes slowly rises, damaging the optic nerve. Often there are no symptoms at first. Without treatment, people with glaucoma will slowly lose their peripheral, or side vision. They seem to be looking through a tunnel. Over time, straight-ahead vision may decrease until no vision remains.

A comprehensive eye exam can tell if you have glaucoma. People at risk should get eye exams at least every two years. They include:

• African Americans over age 40
• People over age 60, especially Mexican Americans
• People with a family history of glaucoma

There is no cure, but glaucoma can usually be controlled. Early treatment can help protect your eyes against vision loss. Treatments usually include prescription eyedrops and/or surgery.

NIH: National Eye Institute

Start Here

• Glaucoma (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish
• Glaucoma: Symptoms and Causes (Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research)
• Types of Glaucoma (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish
• What Is Glaucoma? (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish

Diagnosis and Tests

• Eye Exam and Vision Testing Basics (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish
• Glaucoma Diagnosis (BrightFocus Foundation)
• Glaucoma Tests (National Library of Medicine) Also in Spanish
• Optic Nerve Imaging (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Screening (U.S. Preventive Services Task Force)
• What Are Dilating Eye Drops? (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)

Learn More

• About Glaucoma (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)

Treatments and Therapies

• Does Marijuana Help Treat Glaucoma or Other Eye Conditions? (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish
• Glaucoma Alternative Therapies (Glaucoma Research Foundation) Also in Spanish
• Glaucoma Treatments (BrightFocus Foundation)
• Medication Guide (Glaucoma Research Foundation) Also in Spanish

Living With

• Glaucoma Eye Drops: Suggestions on Use (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Living with Glaucoma (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Living with Glaucoma (BrightFocus Foundation)

Related Issues

• African Americans and Glaucoma (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Diabetes and Your Eyesight (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Dry Eyes and Glaucoma: Double Trouble (Glaucoma Research Foundation)
• Talking with Your Eye Doctor (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish

Genetics

• Early-onset glaucoma: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)
• Nail-patella syndrome: MedlinePlus Genetics (National Library of Medicine)

Images

• How the Eyes Work (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish
• View How Glaucoma May Affect Vision (BrightFocus Foundation)

Videos and Tutorials

• Glaucoma (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish

Statistics and Research

• Eye Health Data and Statistics (National Eye Institute) Also in Spanish

Clinical Trials

• ClinicalTrials.gov: Glaucoma (National Institutes of Health)

Journal Articles References and abstracts from MEDLINE/PubMed (National Library of Medicine)

• Article: The application of flipped classroom to teaching diabetic retinopathy and glaucoma...
• Article: Glaucoma Rehabilitation Using ElectricAI Transcranial Stimulation (GREAT)-Optimizing Stimulation Protocol for Vision...
• Article: Evaluation of Macular Thickness in Glaucoma Patients Using Prostaglandin Analog Eye...
• Glaucoma -- see more articles

Find an Expert

• American Foundation for the Blind
• American Optometric Association
• Find an Ophthalmologist (American Academy of Ophthalmology) Also in Spanish
• National Eye Institute

Children

• Glaucoma (For Parents) (Nemours Foundation) Also in Spanish
• Glaucoma in Children (American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus)

Patient Handouts

• Glaucoma (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
• Ophthalmoscopy (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
• Standard eye exam (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish
• Tonometry (Medical Encyclopedia) Also in Spanish