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Melatonina

¿Qué es?

La melatonina es una hormona producida por el cuerpo. Regula los ciclos de día y noche o los ciclos de sueño-vigilia. La melatonina en los suplementos generalmente se produce en un laboratorio.

La oscuridad hace que el cuerpo produzca más melatonina, lo que le indica al cuerpo que se duerma. La luz disminuye la producción de melatonina y le indica al cuerpo que esté despierto. Algunas personas que tienen problemas para dormir tienen niveles bajos de melatonina. Se cree que agregar melatonina de los suplementos podría ayudarlos a dormir.

La gente usa con mayor frecuencia la melatonina para el insomnio y para mejorar el sueño en diferentes condiciones, como el desfase horario. También se usa para la depresión, el dolor crónico, la demencia y muchas otras condiciones, pero no existe una buena evidencia científica que respalde la mayoría de estos usos. Tampoco hay buena evidencia que respalde el uso de melatonina para COVID-19.

¿Qué tan efectivo es?

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (La Base Exhaustiva de Datos de Medicamentos Naturales) clasifica la eficacia, basada en evidencia científica, de acuerdo a la siguiente escala: Eficaz, Probablemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Ineficaz, Probablemente Ineficaz, Ineficaz, e Insuficiente Evidencia para Hacer una Determinación.

La clasificación de la eficacia para este producto es la siguiente:

Probablemente eficaz para...

  • Problemas para conciliar el sueño a la hora de convencional de acostarse (síndrome de fase de sueño retrasada). Tomar melatonina por vía oral parece acortar el tiempo necesario para conciliar el sueño en adultos jóvenes y niños con esta condición.
  • Trastorno vigilia del sueño que no es de 24 horas. Tomar melatonina por vía oral a la hora de acostarse parece mejorar el sueño en niños y adultos ciegos.

Posiblemente eficaz para...

  • Alteración del sueño causada por ciertos medicamentos para la presión arterial (insomnio inducido por betabloqueantes). Tomar melatonina por vía oral podría reducir los problemas para dormir en personas que toman medicamentos betabloqueantes.
  • Cáncer. Tomar altas dosis por vía oral o inyectada, administrada por un proveedor de atención médica junto con quimioterapia u otros tratamientos contra el cáncer, podría reducir el tamaño del tumor y mejorar las tasas de supervivencia en algunas personas con cáncer.
  • Confusión y agitación después de la cirugía. En los niños que reciben un medicamento llamado sevoflurano durante la cirugía, tomar melatonina por vía oral antes de la anestesia podría ayudar a prevenir la ansiedad y la agitación al despertar. El efecto de tomar melatonina en adultos sometidos a cirugía no está claro.
  • Alta presión sanguínea. Tomar la forma de liberación controlada de melatonina por vía oral antes de acostarse parece disminuir la presión arterial en personas con presión arterial alta. Los productos de liberación inmediata no parecen funcionar.
  • Insomnio. Tomar melatonina por vía oral, a corto plazo, parece acortar el tiempo que tardan en conciliar el sueño las personas con insomnio, pero solo unos 7 a 12 minutos. No está claro si afecta la cantidad de tiempo que pasa durmiendo. También parece ser más útil en adultos mayores y en personas con ciertas otras condiciones.
  • Descompensación horaria. Tomar melatonina por vía oral puede mejorar ciertos síntomas del desfase horario, como el estado de alerta, y reducir la somnolencia y el cansancio durante el día. Pero es posible que no ayude a acortar el tiempo que tardan las personas con desfase horario en conciliar el sueño.
  • Migraña. Tomar melatonina por vía oral antes de acostarse puede prevenir las migrañas en adultos y niños. No está claro si la melatonina ayuda a tratar las migrañas.
  • Ansiedad ante un procedimiento. Tomar melatonina por vía oral o debajo de la lengua reduce un poco la ansiedad antes de la cirugía en adultos. No está claro si ayuda a los niños.
  • Sedación antes de un procedimiento. Tomar melatonina por vía oral podría reducir la cantidad de sedantes necesarios para algunos procedimientos médicos en niños.
  • Quemaduras de sol. La aplicación de gel de melatonina en la piel antes de la exposición al sol parece ayudar a prevenir las quemaduras solares.
  • Un grupo de condiciones dolorosas que afectan la articulación y el músculo de la mandíbula (trastornos temporomandibulares o TMD). Tomar melatonina por vía oral a la hora de acostarse durante 4 semanas reduce el dolor en las mujeres con dolor de mandíbula.
  • Bajos niveles de plaquetas en sangre (trombocitopenia). Tomar melatonina por vía oralpuede mejorar los recuentos bajos de plaquetas asociados con el cáncer, el tratamiento del cáncer y otros trastornos.

Posiblemente ineficaz para...

  • Desempeño atlético. Tomar melatonina por vía oral poco antes del ejercicio de resistencia o el ciclismo no parece mejorar el rendimiento.
  • Pérdida de peso involuntaria en personas muy enfermas (caquexia o síndrome de emaciación). Tomar melatonina por vía oral no mejora el apetito, el peso corporal ni la composición corporal en personas con síndrome de emaciación por cáncer.
  • Cansancio en personas con cáncer. Tomar melatonina por vía oral no parece mejorar el cansancio en personas con cáncer.
  • Dolor en personas con cáncer. La melatonina por vía oral no parece reducir el dolor en personas con cáncer.
  • Enfermedad crítica (trauma). La melatonina por vía oral no parece acortar la estancia hospitalaria en personas gravemente enfermas.
  • Enfermedades, como la enfermedad de Alzheimer, que interfieren con el pensamiento (demencia). Tomar melatonina por vía oral no mejora el comportamiento ni afecta los síntomas en personas con enfermedad de Alzheimer u otras formas de pérdida de memoria. Pero podría reducir la confusión cuando el sol se pone en personas con estas condiciones.
  • Incapacidad para quedar embarazada dentro de un año de intentar concebir (infertilidad). Tomar melatonina por vía oral no parece mejorar las tasas de embarazo en las mujeres que se someten a tratamientos de fertilidad.
  • Trastorno del sueño por turnos rotativos o nocturnos (trastorno del trabajo por turnos). Tomar melatonina por vía oral no parece mejorar los problemas para dormir en las personas que trabajan por turnos.

Probablemente ineficaz para...

  • Abstinencia de medicamentos llamados benzodiazepinas. Tomar melatonina por vía oral a la hora acostarse no reduce los síntomas de abstinencia en personas con insomnio que han dejado de tomar estos medicamentos.
  • Depresión. Tomar melatonina por vía oral no parece reducir los síntomas de la depresión y podría empeorarlos en algunas personas.
Hay interés en usar la melatonina para otros propósitos, pero no hay suficiente información confiable para decir si podría ser útil.

¿Es seguro?

Cuando se toma por vía oral: La melatonina probablemente sea segura para la mayoría de los adultos cuando se usa a corto plazo. La melatonina es posiblemente segura cuando se toma a largo plazo. Se ha utilizado de forma segura hasta por 2 años. Pero puede causar algunos efectos secundarios como dolor de cabeza, somnolencia, mareos y náuseas. No conduzca ni utilice maquinaria durante 4-5 horas después de tomar melatonina.

Cuando se aplica sobre la piel: Es probable que la melatonina sea segura para la mayoría de los adultos cuando se usa a corto plazo.

Advertencias y precauciones especiales:

Embarazo: Es posible que la melatonina no sea segura cuando se toma regularmente por vía oral o en dosis altas mientras se intenta quedar embarazada. La melatonina puede tener efectos similares a los de los anticonceptivos, lo que hace que sea más difícil quedar embarazada. No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si la melatonina es segura de usar durante el embarazo. Hasta que se sepa más, es mejor no usar melatonina durante el embarazo o intentar quedar embarazada.

Lactancia: No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si la melatonina es segura de usar durante la lactancia. Manténgase en el lado seguro y evite su uso.

Niños: Es posible que la melatonina sea segura cuando se toma por vía oral a corto plazo. La melatonina generalmente se tolera bien cuando se toma en dosis de hasta 3 mg al día en niños y 5 mg al día en adolescentes. Existe cierta preocupación de que la melatonina pueda interferir con el desarrollo durante la adolescencia. La melatonina solo debe usarse en niños con una necesidad médica. No hay suficiente evidencia para saber si la melatonina es segura en los niños cuando se toma por vía oral a largo plazo.

Trastornos hemorrágicos: La melatonina podría empeorar la hemorragia en personas con trastornos hemorrágicos.

Depresión: La melatonina puede empeorar los síntomas de la depresión.

Presión arterial alta: La melatonina puede aumentar la presión arterial en personas que toman ciertos medicamentos para controlar la presión arterial. Evite su uso.

Trastornos convulsivos: El uso de melatonina puede aumentar el riesgo de sufrir convulsiones.

Receptores de trasplantes: Las personas que han tenido un trasplante a menudo toman medicamentos para inhibir el sistema inmunológico. La melatonina puede aumentar la función inmunológica. Esto podría interferir con los efectos de algunos medicamentos para trasplantes.

¿Existen interacciones con medicamentos?

Moderadas
Tenga cuidado con esta combinación
Cafeína
La cafeína puede aumentar o disminuir los niveles de melatonina en el cuerpo. Cuando se toma junto con suplementos de melatonina, la cafeína parece aumentar los niveles de melatonina.
Fluvoxamina (Luvox)
Tomar fluvoxamina puede aumentar la cantidad de melatonina que absorbe el cuerpo. La ingesta de melatonina junto con fluvoxamina podría aumentar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de la melatonina.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 1A2 (CYP1A2))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. La melatonina podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 2C19 (CYP2C19))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. La melatonina podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos para la diabetes (medicamentos antidiabéticos)
La melatonina podría reducir los niveles de azúcar en sangre. La ingesta de melatonina junto con medicamentos para la diabetes puede hacer que el azúcar en sangre baje demasiado. Controle de cerca su nivel de azúcar en sangre.
Medicamentos para la presión arterial alta (medicamentos antihipertensivos)
La melatonina podría reducir la presión arterial. La ingesta de melatonina junto con medicamentos que reducen la presión arterial puede hacer que la presión arterial baje demasiado. Controle su presión arterial de cerca.
Medicamentos que aumentan la posibilidad de sufrir una convulsión (medicamentos que reducen el umbral de las convulsiones)
La melatonina puede aumentar el riesgo de convulsiones en algunas personas. También existen algunos medicamentos que pueden aumentar el riesgo de convulsiones. Tomar estos productos juntos podría aumentar aún más el riesgo de convulsiones.
Medicamentos que disminuyen el sistema inmunológico (inmunosupresores)
La melatonina puede aumentar la actividad del sistema inmunológico. Algunos medicamentos, como los que se usan después de un trasplante, disminuyen la actividad del sistema inmunológico. La ingesta de melatonina junto con estos medicamentos podría disminuir los efectos de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos que retardan la coagulación de la sangre (medicamentos anticoagulantes / antiplaquetarios)
La melatonina podría retardar la coagulación sanguínea. La ingesta de melatonina junto con medicamentos que también retardan la coagulación de la sangre puede aumentar el riesgo de hematomas y hemorragias.
Medicamentos sedantes (depresores del SNC)
La melatonina puede causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Algunos medicamentos, llamados sedantes, también pueden causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Tomar melatonina con medicamentos sedantes puede causar problemas respiratorios y / o demasiada somnolencia.
Medicamentos utilizados para prevenir las convulsiones (anticonvulsivos)
La melatonina puede aumentar el riesgo de convulsiones. Por lo tanto, tomar melatonina puede disminuir los efectos de los medicamentos que se usan para prevenir las convulsiones. Esto podría aumentar el riesgo de convulsiones.
Metanfetamina (Desoxyn)
Tomar melatonina con metanfetamina podría aumentar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de la metanfetamina.
Nifedipina GITS (Procardia XL)
Nifedipine GITS se usa para reducir la presión arterial. La ingesta de melatonina podría disminuir los efectos de la nifedipina GITS para reducir la presión arterial.
Píldoras anticonceptivas (medicamentos anticonceptivos)
Las píldoras anticonceptivas parecen aumentar la cantidad de melatonina que produce el cuerpo. La ingesta de melatonina junto con píldoras anticonceptivas podría aumentar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de la melatonina.
Warfarina (Coumadin)
La warfarina se usa para retardar la coagulación de la sangre. La melatonina podría aumentar la eficacia de la warfarina. La ingesta de melatonina junto con warfarina podría aumentar las posibilidades de sufrir hematomas y sangrado. Asegúrese de hacerse análisis de sangre con regularidad. Es posible que sea necesario cambiar la dosis de warfarina.
Menores
Preste atención a esta combinación
Flumazenil (Romazicom)
El flumazenil podría disminuir los efectos de la melatonina. La ingesta de flumazenil junto con melatonina podría disminuir los efectos de los suplementos de melatonina.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 2D6 (CYP2D6))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. La melatonina podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 3A4 (CYP3A4))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. La melatonina podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.

¿Existen interacciones con hierbas y suplementos?

Cafeína
La cafeína puede aumentar o disminuir los niveles de melatonina en el cuerpo. Cuando se toma junto con suplementos de melatonina, la cafeína parece aumentar los niveles de melatonina.
Hierbas y suplementos con propiedades sedantes
La melatonina puede causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Tomarlo junto con otros suplementos con efectos similares puede causar demasiada somnolencia y / o respiración lenta en algunas personas. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen lúpulo, kava, L-triptófano y valeriana.
Hierbas y suplementos que pueden reducir el azúcar en sangre
La melatonina podría reducir el azúcar en sangre. Tomarlo con otros suplementos con efectos similares podría reducir demasiado el azúcar en sangre. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen aloe, melón amargo, canela casia, cromo y nopal.
Hierbas y suplementos que pueden reducir el umbral de convulsiones
La melatonina podría aumentar el riesgo de convulsiones. Tomarlo junto con otros suplementos con efectos similares podría aumentar aún más el riesgo de convulsiones. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen cafeína, onagra, L-carnitina, melatonina y salvia.
Hierbas y suplementos que pueden reducir la presión arterial
La melatonina podría reducir la presión arterial. Tomarlo con otros suplementos que tienen el mismo efecto puede hacer que la presión arterial baje demasiado. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen andrographis, péptidos de caseína, L-arginina, niacina y ortiga.
Hierbas y suplementos que pueden retardar la coagulación sanguínea
La melatonina podría retardar la coagulación sanguínea y aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia. Tomarlo con otros suplementos con efectos similares podría aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia en algunas personas. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen ajo, jengibre, ginkgo, natokinasa y Panax ginseng.
Vitex agnus-castus
La ingesta de vitex agnus-castus aumenta los niveles de melatonina en el cuerpo. La ingesta de vitex agnus-castus con melatonina podría aumentar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de la melatonina.

¿Existen interacciones con alimentos?

No se conoce ninguna interacción con alimentos.

¿Como se usa normalmente?

La melatonina ha sido utilizada con mayor frecuencia por adultos en dosis de hasta 8 mg por vía oral al día durante un máximo de 6 meses. En los niños, se usa con mayor frecuencia en dosis de hasta 3 mg por vía oral al día durante un máximo de 3 meses.

Algunos suplementos de melatonina son de liberación lenta y otros son de liberación rápida. Algunos productos de melatonina se pueden colocar debajo de la lengua o en la mejilla para que se absorban más rápido. La melatonina también se usa en cremas, gárgaras y geles. Hable con un proveedor de atención médica para averiguar qué tipo de producto y dosis podrían ser los mejores para una condición específica.

Otros nombres

5-Methoxy-N-Acetyltryptamine, MEL, Melatonina, Melatonina, MLT, N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamine, N-Acétyl-5-Méthoxytryptamine, Pineal Hormone.

Metodología

Para saber más sobre cómo este artículo fue escrito, refiérase a la metodología de la Base exhaustiva de datos de medicamentos naturales.

Referencias

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  384. Kucukakin, B., Wilhelmsen, M., Lykkesfeldt, J., Reiter, R. J., Rosenberg, J., and Gogenur, I. No effect of melatonin to modify surgical-stress response after major vascular surgery: a randomised placebo-controlled trial. Eur.J.Vasc.Endovasc.Surg. 2010;40:461-467. View abstract.
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  386. Braam, W., van, Geijlswijk, I, Keijzer, H., Smits, M. G., Didden, R., and Curfs, L. M. Loss of response to melatonin treatment is associated with slow melatonin metabolism. J.Intellect.Disabil.Res. 2010;54:547-555. View abstract.
  387. Baeza, I., Fdez-Tresguerres, J., Ariznavarreta, C., and De la Fuente, M. Effects of growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens and phytoestrogens on the oxidized glutathione (GSSG)/reduced glutathione (GSH) ratio and lipid peroxidation in aged ovariectomized rats. Biogerontology. 2010;11:687-701. View abstract.
  388. Kunz, D. and Mahlberg, R. A two-part, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of exogenous melatonin in REM sleep behaviour disorder. J.Sleep Res. 2010;19:591-596. View abstract.
  389. Garrido, M., Paredes, S. D., Cubero, J., Lozano, M., Toribio-Delgado, A. F., Munoz, J. L., Reiter, R. J., Barriga, C., and Rodriguez, A. B. Jerte Valley cherry-enriched diets improve nocturnal rest and increase 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and total antioxidant capacity in the urine of middle-aged and elderly humans. J.Gerontol.A Biol.Sci.Med.Sci. 2010;65:909-914. View abstract.
  390. Brivio, F., Fumagalli, L., Fumagalli, G., Pescia, S., Brivio, R., DI, Fede G., Rovelli, F., and Lissoni, P. Synchronization of cortisol circadian rhythm by the pineal hormone melatonin in untreatable metastatic solid tumor patients and its possible prognostic significance on tumor progression. In Vivo 2010;24:239-241. View abstract.
  391. Elkhayat, H. A., Hassanein, S. M., Tomoum, H. Y., Abd-Elhamid, I. A., Asaad, T., and Elwakkad, A. S. Melatonin and sleep-related problems in children with intractable epilepsy. Pediatr.Neurol. 2010;42:249-254. View abstract.
  392. Whittom, S., Dumont, M., Petit, D., Desautels, A., Adam, B., Lavigne, G., and Montplaisir, J. Effects of melatonin and bright light administration on motor and sensory symptoms of RLS. Sleep Med. 2010;11:351-355. View abstract.
  393. Park, K., Lee, Y., Park, S., Lee, S., Hong, Y., Kil, Lee S., and Hong, Y. Synergistic effect of melatonin on exercise-induced neuronal reconstruction and functional recovery in a spinal cord injury animal model. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:270-281. View abstract.
  394. Espino, J., Bejarano, I., Paredes, S. D., Gonzalez, D., Barriga, C., Reiter, R. J., Pariente, J. A., and Rodriguez, A. B. Melatonin counteracts alterations in oxidative metabolism and cell viability induced by intracellular calcium overload in human leucocytes: changes with age. Basic Clin.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 2010;107:590-597. View abstract.
  395. Gonzalez, A., Martinez-Campa, C., Mediavilla, M. D., Alonso-Gonzalez, C., Alvarez-Garcia, V., Sanchez-Barcelo, E. J., and Cos, S. Inhibitory effects of melatonin on sulfatase and 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and expression in glioma cells. Oncol.Rep. 2010;23:1173-1178. View abstract.
  396. Serfaty, M. A., Osborne, D., Buszewicz, M. J., Blizard, R., and Raven, P. W. A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial of treatment as usual plus exogenous slow-release melatonin (6 mg) or placebo for sleep disturbance and depressed mood. Int.Clin.Psychopharmacol. 2010;25:132-142. View abstract.
  397. Akmali, M., Ahmadi, R., and Vessal, M. Pre- and post-treatment of streptozocin administered rats with melatonin: effects on some hepatic enzymes of carbohydrate metabolism. Arch.Iran Med. 2010;13:105-110. View abstract.
  398. Borazan, H., Tuncer, S., Yalcin, N., Erol, A., and Otelcioglu, S. Effects of preoperative oral melatonin medication on postoperative analgesia, sleep quality, and sedation in patients undergoing elective prostatectomy: a randomized clinical trial. J.Anesth. 2010;24:155-160. View abstract.
  399. Pedrosa, A. M., Weinlich, R., Mognol, G. P., Robbs, B. K., Viola, J. P., Campa, A., and Amarante-Mendes, G. P. Melatonin protects CD4+ T cells from activation-induced cell death by blocking NFAT-mediated CD95 ligand upregulation. J.Immunol. 4-1-2010;184:3487-3494. View abstract.
  400. Fang, Q., Chen, G., Zhu, W., Dong, W., and Wang, Z. Influence of melatonin on cerebrovascular proinflammatory mediators expression and oxidative stress following subarachnoid hemorrhage in rabbits. Mediators.Inflamm. 2009;426346. View abstract.
  401. Zaouali, M. A., Ben, Abdennebi H., Padrissa-Altes, S., Mahfoudh-Boussaid, A., and Rosello-Catafau, J. Pharmacological strategies against cold ischemia reperfusion injury. Expert.Opin.Pharmacother. 2010;11:537-555. View abstract.
  402. Guo, Y., Wang, J., Wang, Z., Yang, Y., Wang, X., and Duan, Q. Melatonin protects N2a against ischemia/reperfusion injury through autophagy enhancement. J.Huazhong.Univ Sci.Technolog.Med.Sci. 2010;30:1-7. View abstract.
  403. Espino, J., Bejarano, I., Ortiz, A., Lozano, G. M., Garcia, J. F., Pariente, J. A., and Rodriguez, A. B. Melatonin as a potential tool against oxidative damage and apoptosis in ejaculated human spermatozoa. Fertil.Steril. 2010;94:1915-1917. View abstract.
  404. Srinath, R., Acharya, A. B., and Thakur, S. L. Salivary and gingival crevicular fluid melatonin in periodontal health and disease. J.Periodontol. 2010;81:277-283. View abstract.
  405. Wiktorska, J. A., Lewinski, A., Stuss, M., Nowak, D., Pietras, T., and Sewerynek, E. Effects of certain antioxidants on lipid peroxidation process in lung homogenates of L thyroxine-receiving rats. Neuro.Endocrinol.Lett. 2010;31:137-146. View abstract.
  406. Dilek, M., Naziroglu, M., Baha, Oral H., Suat, Ovey, I, Kucukayaz, M., Mungan, M. T., Kara, H. Y., and Sutcu, R. Melatonin modulates hippocampus NMDA receptors, blood and brain oxidative stress levels in ovariectomized rats. J.Membr.Biol. 2010;233(1-3):135-142. View abstract.
  407. Sharma, S., Haldar, C., Chaube, S. K., Laxmi, T., and Singh, S. S. Long-term melatonin administration attenuates low-LET gamma-radiation-induced lymphatic tissue injury during the reproductively active and inactive phases of Indian palm squirrels (Funambulus pennanti). Br.J.Radiol. 2010;83:137-151. View abstract.
  408. Kaur, C., Sivakumar, V., and Ling, E. A. Melatonin protects periventricular white matter from damage due to hypoxia. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:185-193. View abstract.
  409. Hoppe, J. B., Frozza, R. L., Horn, A. P., Comiran, R. A., Bernardi, A., Campos, M. M., Battastini, A. M., and Salbego, C. Amyloid-beta neurotoxicity in organotypic culture is attenuated by melatonin: involvement of GSK-3beta, tau and neuroinflammation. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:230-238. View abstract.
  410. Tian, X. Z., Wen, Q., Shi, J. M., Liang, Wang, Zeng, S. M., Tian, J. H., Zhou, G. B., Zhu, S. E., and Liu, G. S. Effects of melatonin on in vitro development of mouse two-cell embryos cultured in HTF medium. Endocr.Res. 2010;35:17-23. View abstract.
  411. Uluocak, N., Atilgan, D., Erdemir, F., Parlaktas, B. S., Yasar, A., Erkorkmaz, U., and Akbas, A. An animal model of ischemic priapism and the effects of melatonin on antioxidant enzymes and oxidative injury parameters in rat penis. Int.Urol.Nephrol. 2010;42:889-895. View abstract.
  412. Garcia, J. J., Pinol-Ripoll, G., Martinez-Ballarin, E., Fuentes-Broto, L., Miana-Mena, F. J., Venegas, C., Caballero, B., Escames, G., Coto-Montes, A., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Melatonin reduces membrane rigidity and oxidative damage in the brain of SAMP8 mice. Neurobiol.Aging 2011;32:2045-2054. View abstract.
  413. Kandil, T. S., Mousa, A. A., El-Gendy, A. A., and Abbas, A. M. The potential therapeutic effect of melatonin in Gastro-Esophageal Reflux Disease. BMC.Gastroenterol. 2010;10:7. View abstract.
  414. Esteban, S., Garau, C., Aparicio, S., Moranta, D., Barcelo, P., Fiol, M. A., and Rial, R. Chronic melatonin treatment and its precursor L-tryptophan improve the monoaminergic neurotransmission and related behavior in the aged rat brain. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:170-177. View abstract.
  415. Azpeleta, C., Martinez-Alvarez, R. M., Delgado, M. J., Isorna, E., and De, Pedro N. Melatonin reduces locomotor activity and circulating cortisol in goldfish. Horm.Behav. 2010;57:323-329. View abstract.
  416. Mogulkoc, R. and Baltaci, A. K. Effect of melatonin supplementation on plasma vasopressin response to different conditions in rats with hyperthyroidism induced by L-thyroxine. Regul.Pept. 4-9-2010;161(1-3):38-42. View abstract.
  417. Huang, S. H., Cao, X. J., Liu, W., Shi, X. Y., and Wei, W. Inhibitory effect of melatonin on lung oxidative stress induced by respiratory syncytial virus infection in mice. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:109-116. View abstract.
  418. Suwanjang, W., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P., and Chetsawang, B. The protective effect of melatonin on methamphetamine-induced calpain-dependent death pathway in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:94-101. View abstract.
  419. Rodella, L. F., Filippini, F., Bonomini, F., Bresciani, R., Reiter, R. J., and Rezzani, R. Beneficial effects of melatonin on nicotine-induced vasculopathy. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:126-132. View abstract.
  420. Hill, S. M., Frasch, T., Xiang, S., Yuan, L., Duplessis, T., and Mao, L. Molecular mechanisms of melatonin anticancer effects. Integr.Cancer Ther. 2009;8:337-346. View abstract.
  421. Rahman, S. A., Kayumov, L., and Shapiro, C. M. Antidepressant action of melatonin in the treatment of Delayed Sleep Phase Syndrome. Sleep Med. 2010;11:131-136. View abstract.
  422. Paulis, L., Pechanova, O., Zicha, J., Barta, A., Gardlik, R., Celec, P., Kunes, J., and Simko, F. Melatonin interactions with blood pressure and vascular function during L-NAME-induced hypertension. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:102-108. View abstract.
  423. Dong, W., Huang, F., Fan, W., Cheng, S., Chen, Y., Zhang, W., Shi, H., and He, H. Differential effects of melatonin on amyloid-beta peptide 25-35-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in hippocampal neurons at different stages of culture. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:117-125. View abstract.
  424. Nishimura, J., Saegusa, Y., Dewa, Y., Jin, M., Kawai, M., Kemmochi, S., Harada, T., Hayashi, S. M., Shibutani, M., and Mitsumori, K. Antioxidant enzymatically modified isoquercitrin or melatonin supplementation reduces oxidative stress-mediated hepatocellular tumor promotion of oxfendazole in rats. Arch.Toxicol. 2010;84:143-153. View abstract.
  425. Bendz, L. M. and Scates, A. C. Melatonin treatment for insomnia in pediatric patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Ann.Pharmacother. 2010;44:185-191. View abstract.
  426. Srivastava, R. K. and Krishna, A. Melatonin modulates glucose homeostasis during winter dormancy in a vespertilionid bat, Scotophilus heathi. Comp Biochem.Physiol A Mol.Integr.Physiol 2010;155:392-400. View abstract.
  427. de Castro-Silva C, de Bruin VM, Cunha GM, et al. Melatonin improves sleep and reduces nitrite in the exhaled breath condensate in cystic fibrosis--a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled study. J Pineal Res 2010;48:65-71. View abstract.
  428. Song, Y. M. and Chen, M. D. Effects of melatonin administration on plasma leptin concentration and adipose tissue leptin secretion in mice. Acta Biol.Hung. 2009;60:399-407. View abstract.
  429. Paul MA, Miller JC, Gray GW, et al. Melatonin treatment for eastward and westward travel preparation. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2010;208:377-86. View abstract.
  430. Maldonado, M. D., Mora-Santos, M., Naji, L., Carrascosa-Salmoral, M. P., Naranjo, M. C., and Calvo, J. R. Evidence of melatonin synthesis and release by mast cells. Possible modulatory role on inflammation. Pharmacol.Res. 2010;62:282-287. View abstract.
  431. Sadowska-Woda, I., Wojcik, N., Karowicz-Bilinska, A., and Bieszczad-Bedrejczuk, E. Effect of selected antioxidants in beta-cyfluthrin-induced oxidative stress in human erythrocytes in vitro. Toxicol.In Vitro 2010;24:879-884. View abstract.
  432. Hamada, F., Watanabe, K., Wakatsuki, A., Nagai, R., Shinohara, K., Hayashi, Y., Imamura, R., and Fukaya, T. Therapeutic effects of maternal melatonin administration on ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative cerebral damage in neonatal rats. Neonatology. 2010;98:33-40. View abstract.
  433. Chowdhury, V. S., Yamamoto, K., Ubuka, T., Bentley, G. E., Hattori, A., and Tsutsui, K. Melatonin stimulates the release of gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone by the avian hypothalamus. Endocrinology 2010;151:271-280. View abstract.
  434. Liu, Y., Zhang, H., Zhang, L., Zhang, X., Xie, Y., and Zhao, W. Melatonin modulates acute testicular damage induced by carbon ions in mice. Pharmazie 2009;64:685-689. View abstract.
  435. Cernysiov, V., Gerasimcik, N., Mauricas, M., and Girkontaite, I. Regulation of T-cell-independent and T-cell-dependent antibody production by circadian rhythm and melatonin. Int.Immunol. 2010;22:25-34. View abstract.
  436. Murawska-Cialowicz, E., Jethon, Z., Magdalan, J., Januszewska, L., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Zawadzki, M., Sozanski, T., and Dziegiel, P. Effects of melatonin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidative enzyme activities in the liver, kidneys and brain of rats administered with benzo(a)pyrene. Exp.Toxicol.Pathol. 2011;63(1-2):97-103. View abstract.
  437. Yang, F. L., Subeq, Y. M., Lee, C. J., Lee, R. P., Peng, T. C., and Hsu, B. G. Melatonin ameliorates hemorrhagic shock-induced organ damage in rats. J.Surg.Res. 5-15-2011;167:e315-e321. View abstract.
  438. Malekinejad, H., Farshid, A. A., and Mirzakhani, N. Liquorice plant extract reduces ochratoxin A-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Exp.Toxicol.Pathol. 2011;63(1-2):125-130. View abstract.
  439. Casao, A., Mendoza, N., Perez-Pe, R., Grasa, P., Abecia, J. A., Forcada, F., Cebrian-Perez, J. A., and Muino-Blanco, T. Melatonin prevents capacitation and apoptotic-like changes of ram spermatozoa and increases fertility rate. J.Pineal Res. 2010;48:39-46. View abstract.
  440. Venkataraman, P., Selvakumar, K., Krishnamoorthy, G., Muthusami, S., Rameshkumar, R., Prakash, S., and Arunakaran, J. Effect of melatonin on PCB (Aroclor 1254) induced neuronal damage and changes in Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase-4 mRNA expression in cerebral cortex, cerebellum and hippocampus of adult rats. Neurosci.Res. 2010;66:189-197. View abstract.
  441. Zhou, W., Wang, P., and Tao, L. Effect of melatonin on proliferation of neonatal cord blood mononuclear cells. World J.Pediatr. 2009;5:300-303. View abstract.
  442. Faigl, V., Keresztes, M., Kulcsar, M., Nagy, S., Keresztes, Z., Amiridis, G. S., Solti, L., Huszenicza, G., and Cseh, S. Testicular function and semen characteristics of Awassi rams treated with melatonin out of the breeding season. Acta Vet.Hung. 2009;57:531-540. View abstract.
  443. Srivastava, R. K. and Krishna, A. Melatonin affects steroidogenesis and delayed ovulation during winter in vespertilionid bat, Scotophilus heathi. J.Steroid Biochem.Mol.Biol. 2010;118(1-2):107-116. View abstract.
  444. Xu, S., Zhou, Z., Zhang, L., Yu, Z., Zhang, W., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Li, M., Chen, Y., Chen, C., He, M., Zhang, G., and Zhong, M. Exposure to 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation induces oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA in primary cultured neurons. Brain Res. 1-22-2010;1311:189-196. View abstract.
  445. Yildirim, G., Attar, R., Ozkan, F., Kumbak, B., Ficicioglu, C., and Yesildaglar, N. The effects of letrozole and melatonin on surgically induced endometriosis in a rat model: a preliminary study. Fertil.Steril. 2010;93:1787-1792. View abstract.
  446. Rechcinski, T., Trzos, E., Wierzbowska-Drabik, K., Krzeminska-Pakula, M., and Kurpesa, M. Melatonin for nondippers with coronary artery disease: assessment of blood pressure profile and heart rate variability. Hypertens.Res. 2010;33:56-61. View abstract.
  447. Juszczak, M. and Boczek-Leszczyk, E. Hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone receptor activation stimulates oxytocin release from the rat hypothalamo-neurohypophysial system while melatonin inhibits this process. Brain Res.Bull. 1-15-2010;81:185-190. View abstract.
  448. Ortega-Gutierrez, S., Lopez-Vicente, M., Lostale, F., Fuentes-Broto, L., Martinez-Ballarin, E., and Garcia, J. J. Protective effect of melatonin against mitomycin C-induced genotoxic damage in peripheral blood of rats. J.Biomed.Biotechnol. 2009;2009:791432. View abstract.
  449. Sonmez, M. F., Narin, F., and Balcioglu, E. Melatonin and vitamin C attenuates alcohol-induced oxidative stress in aorta. Basic Clin.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 2009;105:410-415. View abstract.
  450. Danielczyk, K. and Dziegiel, P. [MT1 melatonin receptors and their role in the oncostatic action of melatonin]. Postepy Hig.Med.Dosw.(Online.) 2009;63:425-434. View abstract.
  451. Franca, E. L., Feliciano, N. D., Silva, K. A., Ferrari, C. K., and Honorio-Franca, A. C. Modulatory role of melatonin on superoxide release by spleen macrophages isolated from alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Bratisl.Lek.Listy 2009;110:517-522. View abstract.
  452. Geihs, M. A., Vargas, M. A., Maciel, F. E., Caldas, S. S., Cruz, B. P., Primel, E. G., Monserrat, J. M., and Nery, L. E. Effect of melatonin in the antioxidant defense system in the locomotor muscles of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata (Decapoda, Brachyura). Gen.Comp Endocrinol. 3-1-2010;166:72-82. View abstract.
  453. Shieh, J. M., Wu, H. T., Cheng, K. C., and Cheng, J. T. Melatonin ameliorates high fat diet-induced diabetes and stimulates glycogen synthesis via a PKCzeta-Akt-GSK3beta pathway in hepatic cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:339-344. View abstract.
  454. Kim, T. H., Jung, J. A., Kim, G. D., Jang, A. H., Ahn, H. J., Park, Y. S., and Park, C. S. Melatonin inhibits the development of 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene-induced atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga mice. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:324-329. View abstract.
  455. Shi, J. M., Tian, X. Z., Zhou, G. B., Wang, L., Gao, C., Zhu, S. E., Zeng, S. M., Tian, J. H., and Liu, G. S. Melatonin exists in porcine follicular fluid and improves in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic development of porcine oocytes. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:318-323. View abstract.
  456. Carbajo-Pescador, S., Martin-Renedo, J., Garcia-Palomo, A., Tunon, M. J., Mauriz, J. L., and Gonzalez-Gallego, J. Changes in the expression of melatonin receptors induced by melatonin treatment in hepatocarcinoma HepG2 cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:330-338. View abstract.
  457. Ersoz, N., Guven, A., Cayci, T., Uysal, B., Turk, E., Oztas, E., Akgul, E. O., Korkmaz, A., and Cetiner, S. Comparison of the efficacy of melatonin and 1400W on renal ischemia/reperfusion injury: a role for inhibiting iNOS. Ren Fail. 2009;31:704-710. View abstract.
  458. Cemek, M., Emin, Buyukokuroglu M., Yurumez, Y., Yavuz, Y., Aslan, A., Buyukben, A., and Aymelek, F. Tissue trace and major element levels in organophosphate insecticide fenthion (Lebaycid) toxicity in rats: prophylactic and therapeutic effect of exogenous melatonin. Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf 2010;73:206-212. View abstract.
  459. Borah, A. and Mohanakumar, K. P. Melatonin inhibits 6-hydroxydopamine production in the brain to protect against experimental parkinsonism in rodents. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:293-300. View abstract.
  460. Izykowska, I., Cegielski, M., Gebarowska, E., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Piotrowska, A., Zabel, M., and Dziegiel, P. Effect of melatonin on human keratinocytes and fibroblasts subjected to UVA and UVB radiation In vitro. In Vivo 2009;23:739-745. View abstract.
  461. Izykowska, I., Gebarowska, E., Cegielski, M., Podhorska-Okolow, M., Piotrowska, A., Zabel, M., and Dziegiel, P. Effect of melatonin on melanoma cells subjected to UVA and UVB radiation in In vitro studies. In Vivo 2009;23:733-738. View abstract.
  462. Jagota, A. and Kalyani, D. Effect of melatonin on age induced changes in daily serotonin rhythms in suprachiasmatic nucleus of male Wistar rat. Biogerontology. 2010;11:299-308. View abstract.
  463. Spuch, C., Antequera, D., Isabel Fernandez-Bachiller, M., Isabel Rodriguez-Franco, M., and Carro, E. A new tacrine-melatonin hybrid reduces amyloid burden and behavioral deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Neurotox.Res. 2010;17:421-431. View abstract.
  464. Martinez-Campa, C., Gonzalez, A., Mediavilla, M. D., Alonso-Gonzalez, C., Alvarez-Garcia, V., Sanchez-Barcelo, E. J., and Cos, S. Melatonin inhibits aromatase promoter expression by regulating cyclooxygenases expression and activity in breast cancer cells. Br.J.Cancer 11-3-2009;101:1613-1619. View abstract.
  465. Yurtcu, M., Abasiyanik, A., Bicer, S., and Avunduk, M. C. Efficacy of antioxidant treatment in the prevention of testicular atrophy in experimental testicular torsion. J.Pediatr.Surg. 2009;44:1754-1758. View abstract.
  466. Kuehn, C. C., Rodrigues Oliveira, L. G., Santos, C. D., Ferreira, D. S., Alonso Toldo, M. P., de, Albuquerque S., and do Prado, J. C. J. Melatonin and dehydroepiandrosterone combination: does this treatment exert a synergistic effect during experimental Trypanosoma cruzi infection? J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:253-259. View abstract.
  467. Paternoster, L., Radogna, F., Accorsi, A., Cristina, Albertini M., Gualandi, G., and Ghibelli, L. Melatonin as a modulator of apoptosis in B-lymphoma cells. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2009;1171:345-349. View abstract.
  468. Santello, F. H., Del Vecchio, Filipin M., Caetano, L. C., Brazao, V., Caetano, L. N., Dos Santos, C. D., Alonso Toldo, M. P., and do Prado, J. C. J. Influence of melatonin therapy and orchiectomy on T cell subsets in male Wistar rats infected with Trypanosoma cruzi. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:271-276. View abstract.
  469. Kumar, A. and Singh, A. Possible involvement of GABAergic mechanism in protective effect of melatonin against sleep deprivation-induced behaviour modification and oxidative damage in mice. Fundam.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;23:439-448. View abstract.
  470. Lin, G. J., Huang, S. H., Chen, Y. W., Hueng, D. Y., Chien, M. W., Chia, W. T., Chang, D. M., and Sytwu, H. K. Melatonin prolongs islet graft survival in diabetic NOD mice. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:284-292. View abstract.
  471. Pan, L., Fu, J. H., Xue, X. D., Xu, W., Zhou, P., and Wei, B. Melatonin protects against oxidative damage in a neonatal rat model of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. World J.Pediatr. 2009;5:216-221. View abstract.
  472. Petrosillo, G., Colantuono, G., Moro, N., Ruggiero, F. M., Tiravanti, E., Di, Venosa N., Fiore, T., and Paradies, G. Melatonin protects against heart ischemia-reperfusion injury by inhibiting mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening. Am.J.Physiol Heart Circ.Physiol 2009;297:H1487-H1493. View abstract.
  473. Gomez-Moreno, G., Guardia, J., Ferrera, M. J., Cutando, A., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin in diseases of the oral cavity. Oral Dis. 2010;16:242-247. View abstract.
  474. Tapias, V., Cannon, J. R., and Greenamyre, J. T. Melatonin treatment potentiates neurodegeneration in a rat rotenone Parkinson's disease model. J.Neurosci.Res. 2-1-2010;88:420-427. View abstract.
  475. Sonmez, M. F., Narin, F., Akkus, D., and Ozdamar, S. Effect of melatonin and vitamin C on expression of endothelial NOS in heart of chronic alcoholic rats. Toxicol.Ind.Health 2009;25:385-393. View abstract.
  476. Alonso-Vale, M. I., Peres, S. B., Vernochet, C., Farmer, S. R., and Lima, F. B. Adipocyte differentiation is inhibited by melatonin through the regulation of C/EBPbeta transcriptional activity. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:221-227. View abstract.
  477. Pan, L., Xu, W., Fu, J. H., and Xue, X. D. [Effect of melatonin on hyperoxia-induced oxidant/antioxidant imbalance in the lung of neonatal rats with chronic lung disease]. Zhongguo Dang.Dai Er.Ke.Za Zhi. 2009;11:581-584. View abstract.
  478. Cruz, A., Tasset, I., Ramirez, L. M., Arjona, A., Segura, J., Tunez, I., Montilla, P., Muntane, J., and Padillo, F. J. Effect of melatonin on myocardial oxidative stress induced by experimental obstructive jaundice. Rev.Esp.Enferm.Dig. 2009;101:460-463. View abstract.
  479. Reiter, R. J., Paredes, S. D., Manchester, L. C., and Tan, D. X. Reducing oxidative/nitrosative stress: a newly-discovered genre for melatonin. Crit Rev.Biochem.Mol.Biol. 2009;44:175-200. View abstract.
  480. Zeman, M., Szantoova, K., Stebelova, K., Mravec, B., and Herichova, I. Effect of rhythmic melatonin administration on clock gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus and the heart of hypertensive TGR(mRen2)27 rats. J.Hypertens.Suppl 2009;27:S21-S26. View abstract.
  481. Martin, V., Garcia-Santos, G., Rodriguez-Blanco, J., Casado-Zapico, S., Sanchez-Sanchez, A., Antolin, I., Medina, M., and Rodriguez, C. Melatonin sensitizes human malignant glioma cells against TRAIL-induced cell death. Cancer Lett. 1-28-2010;287:216-223. View abstract.
  482. Terron, M. P., Delgado, J., Paredes, S. D., Barriga, C., Reiter, R. J., and Rodriguez, A. B. Effect of melatonin and tryptophan on humoral immunity in young and old ringdoves (Streptopelia risoria). Exp.Gerontol. 2009;44:653-658. View abstract.
  483. Zarazaga, L. A., Gatica, M. C., Celi, I., Guzman, J. L., and Malpaux, B. Effect of melatonin implants on sexual activity in Mediterranean goat females without separation from males. Theriogenology 10-15-2009;72:910-918. View abstract.
  484. Jung, K. H., Hong, S. W., Zheng, H. M., Lee, D. H., and Hong, S. S. Melatonin downregulates nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor-kappaB during prevention of oxidative liver injury in a dimethylnitrosamine model. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:173-183. View abstract.
  485. Samantaray, S., Das, A., Thakore, N. P., Matzelle, D. D., Reiter, R. J., Ray, S. K., and Banik, N. L. Therapeutic potential of melatonin in traumatic central nervous system injury. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:134-142. View abstract.
  486. Veneroso, C., Tunon, M. J., Gonzalez-Gallego, J., and Collado, P. S. Melatonin reduces cardiac inflammatory injury induced by acute exercise. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:184-191. View abstract.
  487. Chang, H. M., Wu, U. I., and Lan, C. T. Melatonin preserves longevity protein (sirtuin 1) expression in the hippocampus of total sleep-deprived rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:211-220. View abstract.
  488. Maciel, F. E., Ramos, B. P., Geihs, M. A., Vargas, M. A., Cruz, B. P., Meyer-Rochow, V. B., Vakkuri, O., Allodi, S., Monserrat, J. M., and Nery, L. E. Effects of melatonin in connection with the antioxidant defense system in the gills of the estuarine crab Neohelice granulata. Gen.Comp Endocrinol. 1-15-2010;165:229-236. View abstract.
  489. Bazwinsky-Wutschke, I., Muhlbauer, E., Wolgast, S., and Peschke, E. Transcripts of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinases are changed after forskolin- or IBMX-induced insulin secretion due to melatonin treatment of rat insulinoma beta-cells (INS-1). Horm.Metab Res. 2009;41:805-813. View abstract.
  490. Fukai, S. and Akishita, M. [Hormone replacement therapy--growth hormone, melatonin, DHEA and sex hormones]. Nihon Rinsho 2009;67:1396-1401. View abstract.
  491. Paredes, S. D., Bejarano, I., Terron, M. P., Barriga, C., Reiter, R. J., and Rodriguez, A. B. Melatonin and tryptophan counteract lipid peroxidation and modulate superoxide dismutase activity in ringdove heterophils in vivo. Effect of antigen-induced activation and age. Age (Dordr.) 2009;31:179-188. View abstract.
  492. Neri, G., Baffa, C., De, Stefano A., Poliandri, A., Kulamarva, G., Di, Giovanni P., Petrucci, A. G., Castriotta, A., Citraro, L., Cerrone, D., D' Orazio, F., and Croce, A. Management of tinnitus: oral treatment with melatonin and sulodexide. J.Biol.Regul.Homeost.Agents 2009;23:103-110. View abstract.
  493. Luthringer R, Muzet M, Zisapel N, Staner L. The effect of prolonged-release melatonin on sleep measures and psychomotor performance in elderly patients with insomnia. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 2009;24:239-49. View abstract.
  494. Tsiligianni, T., Valasi, I., Cseh, S., Vainas, E., Faigl, V., Samartzi, F., Papanikolaou, T., Dovolou, E., and Amiridis, G. S. Effects of melatonin treatment on follicular development and oocyte quality in Chios ewes - short communication. Acta Vet.Hung. 2009;57:331-335. View abstract.
  495. Carretero, M., Escames, G., Lopez, L. C., Venegas, C., Dayoub, J. C., Garcia, L., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Long-term melatonin administration protects brain mitochondria from aging. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:192-200. View abstract.
  496. Shang, Y., Xu, S. P., Wu, Y., Jiang, Y. X., Wu, Z. Y., Yuan, S. Y., and Yao, S. L. Melatonin reduces acute lung injury in endotoxemic rats. Chin Med.J.(Engl.) 6-20-2009;122:1388-1393. View abstract.
  497. Jang, S. S., Kim, W. D., and Park, W. Y. Melatonin exerts differential actions on X-ray radiation-induced apoptosis in normal mice splenocytes and Jurkat leukemia cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:147-155. View abstract.
  498. Laughlin, G. A., Loucks, A. B., and Yen, S. S. Marked augmentation of nocturnal melatonin secretion in amenorrheic athletes, but not in cycling athletes: unaltered by opioidergic or dopaminergic blockade. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:1321-1326. View abstract.
  499. Park, J. W., Hwang, M. S., Suh, S. I., and Baek, W. K. Melatonin down-regulates HIF-1 alpha expression through inhibition of protein translation in prostate cancer cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:415-421. View abstract.
  500. Tahan, V., Atug, O., Akin, H., Eren, F., Tahan, G., Tarcin, O., Uzun, H., Ozdogan, O., Tarcin, O., Imeryuz, N., Ozguner, F., Celikel, C., Avsar, E., and Tozun, N. Melatonin ameliorates methionine- and choline-deficient diet-induced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in rats. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:401-407. View abstract.
  501. Bejarano, I., Redondo, P. C., Espino, J., Rosado, J. A., Paredes, S. D., Barriga, C., Reiter, R. J., Pariente, J. A., and Rodriguez, A. B. Melatonin induces mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in human myeloid HL-60 cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:392-400. View abstract.
  502. Berlinguer, F., Leoni, G. G., Succu, S., Spezzigu, A., Madeddu, M., Satta, V., Bebbere, D., Contreras-Solis, I., Gonzalez-Bulnes, A., and Naitana, S. Exogenous melatonin positively influences follicular dynamics, oocyte developmental competence and blastocyst output in a goat model. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:383-391. View abstract.
  503. Li, Z., Nickkholgh, A., Yi, X., Bruns, H., Gross, M. L., Hoffmann, K., Mohr, E., Zorn, M., Buchler, M. W., and Schemmer, P. Melatonin protects kidney grafts from ischemia/reperfusion injury through inhibition of NF-kB and apoptosis after experimental kidney transplantation. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:365-372. View abstract.
  504. Kain, Z. N., MacLaren, J. E., Herrmann, L., Mayes, L., Rosenbaum, A., Hata, J., and Lerman, J. Preoperative melatonin and its effects on induction and emergence in children undergoing anesthesia and surgery. Anesthesiology 2009;111:44-49. View abstract.
  505. Velarde, E., Alonso-Gomez, A. L., Azpeleta, C., Isorna, E., and Delgado, M. J. Melatonin attenuates the acetylcholine-induced contraction in isolated intestine of a teleost fish. J.Comp Physiol B 2009;179:951-959. View abstract.
  506. Nah, S. S., Won, H. J., Park, H. J., Ha, E., Chung, J. H., Cho, H. Y., and Baik, H. H. Melatonin inhibits human fibroblast-like synoviocyte proliferation via extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase/P21(CIP1)/P27(KIP1) pathways. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:70-74. View abstract.
  507. Gimenez, F., Stornelli, M. C., Tittarelli, C. M., Savignone, C. A., Dorna, I. V., de la Sota, R. L., and Stornelli, M. A. Suppression of estrus in cats with melatonin implants. Theriogenology 9-1-2009;72:493-499. View abstract.
  508. Magnanou, E., Attia, J., Fons, R., Boeuf, G., and Falcon, J. The timing of the shrew: continuous melatonin treatment maintains youthful rhythmic activity in aging Crocidura russula. PLoS.One. 2009;4:e5904. View abstract.
  509. Joo, S. S. and Yoo, Y. M. Melatonin induces apoptotic death in LNCaP cells via p38 and JNK pathways: therapeutic implications for prostate cancer. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:8-14. View abstract.
  510. Ganguly, K. and Swarnakar, S. Induction of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and -3 in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced acute gastric ulcers in mice: regulation by melatonin. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:43-55. View abstract.
  511. Girgert, R., Hanf, V., Emons, G., and Grundker, C. Membrane-bound melatonin receptor MT1 down-regulates estrogen responsive genes in breast cancer cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:23-31. View abstract.
  512. Arrebola, F. A., Abecia, J. A., Forcada, F., Garcia, A., Martin, R. A., and Mesa, O. Effects of annual rainfall and farm on lamb production after treatment with melatonin implants in Merino sheep: a 4-year study. N.Z.Vet.J. 2009;57:141-145. View abstract.
  513. Cetin, Y., Sagcan, S., Gungor, O., Ozyurtlu, N., and Uslu, B. A. Effects of CIDR-G and melatonin implants, and their combination on the efficacy of oestrus induction and fertility of Kilis goats. Reprod.Domest.Anim 2009;44:659-662. View abstract.
  514. Ozdemir, F., Deniz, O., Kaynar, K., Arslan, M., Kavgaci, H., Yildiz, B., and Aydin, F. The effects of melatonin on human hepatoma (Hep G2) cell line. Bratisl.Lek.Listy 2009;110:276-279. View abstract.
  515. Renuka, K. and Joshi, B. N. Melatonin-induced changes in ovarian function in the freshwater fish Channa punctatus (Bloch) held in long days and continuous light. Gen.Comp Endocrinol. 1-1-2010;165:42-46. View abstract.
  516. Dauchy, R. T., Blask, D. E., Dauchy, E. M., Davidson, L. K., Tirrell, P. C., Greene, M. W., Tirrell, R. P., Hill, C. R., and Sauer, L. A. Antineoplastic effects of melatonin on a rare malignancy of mesenchymal origin: melatonin receptor-mediated inhibition of signal transduction, linoleic acid metabolism and growth in tissue-isolated human leiomyosarcoma xenografts. J.Pineal Res. 2009;47:32-42. View abstract.
  517. Bekyarova, G., Galunska, B., Ivanova, D., and Yankova, T. Effect of melatonin on burn-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. Burns 2009;35:863-868. View abstract.
  518. Huang, J. Y., Hong, Y. T., and Chuang, J. I. Fibroblast growth factor 9 prevents MPP+-induced death of dopaminergic neurons and is involved in melatonin neuroprotection in vivo and in vitro. J.Neurochem. 2009;109:1400-1412. View abstract.
  519. Assayed, M. E. and Abd El-Aty, A. M. Protection of rat chromosomes by melatonin against gamma radiation-induced damage. Mutat.Res. 2009;677(1-2):14-20. View abstract.
  520. Gingerich, S., Wang, X., Lee, P. K., Dhillon, S. S., Chalmers, J. A., Koletar, M. M., and Belsham, D. D. The generation of an array of clonal, immortalized cell models from the rat hypothalamus: analysis of melatonin effects on kisspeptin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone neurons. Neuroscience 9-15-2009;162:1134-1140. View abstract.
  521. Radogna, F., Sestili, P., Martinelli, C., Paolillo, M., Paternoster, L., Albertini, M. C., Accorsi, A., Gualandi, G., and Ghibelli, L. Lipoxygenase-mediated pro-radical effect of melatonin via stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism. Toxicol.Appl.Pharmacol. 7-15-2009;238:170-177. View abstract.
  522. Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., Manchester, L. C., Paredes, S. D., Mayo, J. C., and Sainz, R. M. Melatonin and reproduction revisited. Biol.Reprod. 2009;81:445-456. View abstract.
  523. Jung-Hynes, B. and Ahmad, N. SIRT1 controls circadian clock circuitry and promotes cell survival: a connection with age-related neoplasms. FASEB J. 2009;23:2803-2809. View abstract.
  524. Tapias, V., Escames, G., Lopez, L. C., Lopez, A., Camacho, E., Carrion, M. D., Entrena, A., Gallo, M. A., Espinosa, A., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Melatonin and its brain metabolite N-acetyl-5-methoxykynuramine prevent mitochondrial nitric oxide synthase induction in parkinsonian mice. J.Neurosci.Res. 2009;87:3002-3010. View abstract.
  525. Aladag, M. A., Turkoz, Y., Parlakpinar, H., Ozen, H., Egri, M., and Unal, S. C. Melatonin ameliorates cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoidal haemorrhage correcting imbalance of nitric oxide levels in rats. Neurochem.Res. 2009;34:1935-1944. View abstract.
  526. Baeza, I., Alvarado, C., Alvarez, P., Salazar, V., Castillo, C., Ariznavarreta, C., Fdez-Tresguerres, J. A., and De la Fuente, M. Improvement of leucocyte functions in ovariectomised aged rats after treatment with growth hormone, melatonin, oestrogens or phyto-oestrogens. J.Reprod.Immunol. 2009;80(1-2):70-79. View abstract.
  527. Kesik, V., Guven, A., Vurucu, S., Tunc, T., Uysal, B., Gundogdu, G., Oztas, E., and Korkmaz, A. Melatonin and 1400 W ameliorate both intestinal and remote organ injury following mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion. J.Surg.Res. 2009;157:e97-e105. View abstract.
  528. Venkataraman, P., Krishnamoorthy, G., Selvakumar, K., and Arunakaran, J. Oxidative stress alters creatine kinase system in serum and brain regions of polychlorinated biphenyl (Aroclor 1254)-exposed rats: protective role of melatonin. Basic Clin.Pharmacol.Toxicol. 2009;105:92-97. View abstract.
  529. Wisessmith, W., Phansuwan-Pujito, P., Govitrapong, P., and Chetsawang, B. Melatonin reduces induction of Bax, caspase and cell death in methamphetamine-treated human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cultured cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:433-440. View abstract.
  530. Sokullu, O., Sanioglu, S., Kurc, E., Sargin, M., Deniz, H., Tartan, Z., Aka, S. A., and Bilgen, F. Does the circadian rhythm of melatonin affect ischemia-reperfusion injury after coronary artery bypass grafting? Heart Surg.Forum 2009;12:E95-E99. View abstract.
  531. Braam, W., Smits, M. G., Didden, R., Korzilius, H., van Geijlswijk, I. M., and Curfs, L. M. Exogenous melatonin for sleep problems in individuals with intellectual disability: a meta-analysis. Dev.Med.Child Neurol. 2009;51:340-349. View abstract.
  532. Bekyarova, G., Tancheva, S., and Hristova, M. Protective effect of melatonin against oxidative hepatic injury after experimental thermal trauma. Methods Find.Exp.Clin.Pharmacol. 2009;31:11-14. View abstract.
  533. Makay, B., Makay, O., Yenisey, C., Icoz, G., Ozgen, G., Unsal, E., Akyildiz, M., and Yetkin, E. The interaction of oxidative stress response with cytokines in the thyrotoxic rat: is there a link? Mediators.Inflamm. 2009;2009:391682. View abstract.
  534. Benitez-King, G., Soto-Vega, E., and Ramirez-Rodriguez, G. Melatonin modulates microfilament phenotypes in epithelial cells: implications for adhesion and inhibition of cancer cell migration. Histol.Histopathol. 2009;24:789-799. View abstract.
  535. Kurcer, Z., Hekimoglu, A., Aral, F., Baba, F., and Sahna, E. Effect of melatonin on epididymal sperm quality after testicular ischemia/reperfusion in rats. Fertil.Steril. 3-15-2010;93:1545-1549. View abstract.
  536. Gogenur, I., Kucukakin, B., Bisgaard, T., Kristiansen, V., Hjortso, N. C., Skene, D. J., and Rosenberg, J. The effect of melatonin on sleep quality after laparoscopic cholecystectomy: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Anesth.Analg. 2009;108:1152-1156. View abstract.
  537. Ismail, S. A. and Mowafi, H. A. Melatonin provides anxiolysis, enhances analgesia, decreases intraocular pressure, and promotes better operating conditions during cataract surgery under topical anesthesia. Anesth.Analg. 2009;108:1146-1151. View abstract.
  538. Wang, X., Figueroa, B. E., Stavrovskaya, I. G., Zhang, Y., Sirianni, A. C., Zhu, S., Day, A. L., Kristal, B. S., and Friedlander, R. M. Methazolamide and melatonin inhibit mitochondrial cytochrome C release and are neuroprotective in experimental models of ischemic injury. Stroke 2009;40:1877-1885. View abstract.
  539. Vazquez, M. I., Forcada, F., Casao, A., Abecia, J. A., Sosa, C., and Palacin, I. Undernutrition and exogenous melatonin can affect the in vitro developmental competence of ovine oocytes on a seasonal basis. Reprod.Domest.Anim 2010;45:677-684. View abstract.
  540. Kaji, H., Inukai, Y., Maiguma, T., Ono, H., Teshima, D., Hiramoto, K., and Makino, K. Radical scavenging activity of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids and traditional prophylactics against chemotherapy-induced oral mucositis. J.Clin.Pharm.Ther. 2009;34:197-205. View abstract.
  541. Ambriz-Tututi, M., Rocha-Gonzalez, H. I., Cruz, S. L., and Granados-Soto, V. Melatonin: a hormone that modulates pain. Life Sci. 4-10-2009;84(15-16):489-498. View abstract.
  542. Maity, P., Bindu, S., Dey, S., Goyal, M., Alam, A., Pal, C., Reiter, R., and Bandyopadhyay, U. Melatonin reduces indomethacin-induced gastric mucosal cell apoptosis by preventing mitochondrial oxidative stress and the activation of mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:314-323. View abstract.
  543. Tamura, E. K., Cecon, E., Monteiro, A. W., Silva, C. L., and Markus, R. P. Melatonin inhibits LPS-induced NO production in rat endothelial cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:268-274. View abstract.
  544. Tajes, Orduna M., Pelegri, Gabalda C., Vilaplana, Hortensi J., Pallas, Lliberia M., and Camins, Espuny A. An evaluation of the neuroprotective effects of melatonin in an in vitro experimental model of age-induced neuronal apoptosis. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:262-267. View abstract.
  545. Regodon, S., del Prado, Miguez M., Jardin, I., Lopez, J. J., Ramos, A., Paredes, S. D., and Rosado, J. A. Melatonin, as an adjuvant-like agent, enhances platelet responsiveness. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:275-285. View abstract.
  546. Sung, J. H., Cho, E. H., Kim, M. O., and Koh, P. O. Identification of proteins differentially expressed by melatonin treatment in cerebral ischemic injury--a proteomics approach. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:300-306. View abstract.
  547. Diez, E. R., Prados, L. V., Carrion, A., Ponce, Z. A., and Miatello, R. M. A novel electrophysiologic effect of melatonin on ischemia/reperfusion-induced arrhythmias in isolated rat hearts. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:155-160. View abstract.
  548. Cucina, A., Proietti, S., D'Anselmi, F., Coluccia, P., Dinicola, S., Frati, L., and Bizzarri, M. Evidence for a biphasic apoptotic pathway induced by melatonin in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:172-180. View abstract.
  549. Regodon, S., Ramos, A., Morgado, S., Tarazona, R., Martin-Palomino, P., Rosado, J. A., and Miguez, Mdel P. Melatonin enhances the immune response to vaccination against A1 and C strains of Dichelobacter nodosus. Vaccine 3-4-2009;27:1566-1570. View abstract.
  550. Bharti, V. K. and Srivastava, R. S. Fluoride-induced oxidative stress in rat's brain and its amelioration by buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) pineal proteins and melatonin. Biol.Trace Elem.Res. 2009;130:131-140. View abstract.
  551. Gehrman, P. R., Connor, D. J., Martin, J. L., Shochat, T., Corey-Bloom, J., and Ancoli-Israel, S. Melatonin fails to improve sleep or agitation in double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial of institutionalized patients with Alzheimer disease. Am.J.Geriatr.Psychiatry 2009;17:166-169. View abstract.
  552. Takasaki, A., Tamura, H., Taniguchi, K., Asada, H., Taketani, T., Matsuoka, A., Yamagata, Y., Shimamura, K., Morioka, H., and Sugino, N. Luteal blood flow and luteal function. J.Ovarian.Res. 2009;2:1. View abstract.
  553. Chen, Z., Chua, C. C., Gao, J., Chua, K. W., Ho, Y. S., Hamdy, R. C., and Chua, B. H. Prevention of ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiac apoptosis and injury by melatonin is independent of glutathione peroxdiase 1. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:235-241. View abstract.
  554. Solmaz, I., Gurkanlar, D., Gokcil, Z., Goksoy, C., Ozkan, M., and Erdogan, E. Antiepileptic activity of melatonin in guinea pigs with pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. Neurol.Res. 2009;31:989-995. View abstract.
  555. MacFarlane, J. G., Cleghorn, J. M., Brown, G. M., and Streiner, D. L. The effects of exogenous melatonin on the total sleep time and daytime alertness of chronic insomniacs: a preliminary study. Biol.Psychiatry 8-15-1991;30:371-376. View abstract.
  556. Caballero, B., Vega-Naredo, I., Sierra, V., Huidobro-Fernandez, C., Soria-Valles, C., De Gonzalo-Calvo, D., Tolivia, D., Pallas, M., Camins, A., Rodriguez-Colunga, M. J., and Coto-Montes, A. Melatonin alters cell death processes in response to age-related oxidative stress in the brain of senescence-accelerated mice. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:106-114. View abstract.
  557. Esposito, E., Genovese, T., Caminiti, R., Bramanti, P., Meli, R., and Cuzzocrea, S. Melatonin reduces stress-activated/mitogen-activated protein kinases in spinal cord injury. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:79-86. View abstract.
  558. Koch BC, Nagtegaal JE, Hagen EC, et al. The effects of melatonin on sleep-wake rhythm of daytime haemodialysis patients: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over study (EMSCAP study). Br J Clin Pharmacol 2009;67:68-75. View abstract.
  559. Lahiri, S., Singh, P., Singh, S., Rasheed, N., Palit, G., and Pant, K. K. Melatonin protects against experimental reflux esophagitis. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:207-213. View abstract.
  560. Pei, M., He, F., Wei, L., and Rawson, A. Melatonin enhances cartilage matrix synthesis by porcine articular chondrocytes. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:181-187. View abstract.
  561. Huang, L. T., Tiao, M. M., Tain, Y. L., Chen, C. C., and Hsieh, C. S. Melatonin ameliorates bile duct ligation-induced systemic oxidative stress and spatial memory deficits in developing rats. Pediatr.Res. 2009;65:176-180. View abstract.
  562. Cagnacci, A., Elliott, J. A., and Yen, S. S. Amplification of pulsatile LH secretion by exogenous melatonin in women. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1991;73:210-212. View abstract.
  563. Li, H. L., Kang, Y. M., Yu, L., Xu, H. Y., and Zhao, H. Melatonin reduces blood pressure in rats with stress-induced hypertension via GABAA receptors. Clin.Exp.Pharmacol.Physiol 2009;36:436-440. View abstract.
  564. Caumo, W., Levandovski, R., and Hidalgo, M. P. Preoperative anxiolytic effect of melatonin and clonidine on postoperative pain and morphine consumption in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study. J.Pain 2009;10:100-108. View abstract.
  565. Luchetti, F., Betti, M., Canonico, B., Arcangeletti, M., Ferri, P., Galli, F., and Papa, S. ERK MAPK activation mediates the antiapoptotic signaling of melatonin in UVB-stressed U937 cells. Free Radic.Biol.Med. 2-1-2009;46:339-351. View abstract.
  566. Rimmele, U., Spillmann, M., Bartschi, C., Wolf, O. T., Weber, C. S., Ehlert, U., and Wirtz, P. H. Melatonin improves memory acquisition under stress independent of stress hormone release. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2009;202:663-672. View abstract.
  567. Ramadan, T. A., Taha, T. A., Samak, M. A., and Hassan, A. Effectiveness of exposure to longday followed by melatonin treatment on semen characteristics of Damascus male goats during breeding and non-breeding seasons. Theriogenology 2009;71:458-468. View abstract.
  568. Korkmaz, A., Tamura, H., Manchester, L. C., Ogden, G. B., Tan, D. X., and Reiter, R. J. Combination of melatonin and a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist induces apoptosis in a breast cancer cell line. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:115-116. View abstract.
  569. Manda, K., Ueno, M., and Anzai, K. Cranial irradiation-induced inhibition of neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult mice: attenuation by melatonin pretreatment. J.Pineal Res. 2009;46:71-78. View abstract.
  570. Scott, P. R., Sargison, N. D., Macrae, A. I., and Gough, M. R. Melatonin treatment prior to the normal breeding season increases fetal number in United Kingdom sheep flocks. Vet.J. 2009;182:198-202. View abstract.
  571. Lu, W. Z., Song, G. H., Gwee, K. A., and Ho, K. Y. The effects of melatonin on colonic transit time in normal controls and IBS patients. Dig.Dis.Sci. 2009;54:1087-1093. View abstract.
  572. Guizar-Sahagun, G., Rodriguez-Balderas, C. A., Franco-Bourland, R. E., Martinez-Cruz, A., Grijalva, I., Ibarra, A., and Madrazo, I. Lack of neuroprotection with pharmacological pretreatment in a paradigm for anticipated spinal cord lesions. Spinal Cord. 2009;47:156-160. View abstract.
  573. Valero, N., Nery, A., Bonilla, E., Espina, L. M., Chacin-Bonilla, L., Anez, F., Maldonado, M., and Melean, E. Antagonistic effect of luzindole in mice treated with melatonin during the infection with the venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis virus. Neurochem.Res. 2009;34:268-273. View abstract.
  574. Korkmaz, A., Sanchez-Barcelo, E. J., Tan, D. X., and Reiter, R. J. Role of melatonin in the epigenetic regulation of breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res.Treat. 2009;115:13-27. View abstract.
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  576. Sarabia, L., Maurer, I., and Bustos-Obregon, E. Melatonin prevents damage elicited by the organophosphorous pesticide diazinon on the mouse testis. Ecotoxicol.Environ.Saf 2009;72:938-942. View abstract.
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  696. Sener, G., Sehirli, A. O., Paskaloglu, K., Dulger, G. A., and Alican, I. Melatonin treatment protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced functional and biochemical changes in rat urinary bladder. J Pineal Res 2003;34:226-230. View abstract.
  697. Pei, Z. and Cheung, R. T. Melatonin protects SHSY5Y neuronal cells but not cultured astrocytes from ischemia due to oxygen and glucose deprivation. J Pineal Res 2003;34:194-201. View abstract.
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  707. Chung, S. Y. and Han, S. H. Melatonin attenuates kainic acid-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration and oxidative stress through microglial inhibition. J Pineal Res 2003;34:95-102. View abstract.
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  709. Wang, F., Li, J., Wu, C., Yang, J., Xu, F., and Zhao, Q. The GABA(A) receptor mediates the hypnotic activity of melatonin in rats. Pharmacol.Biochem.Behav 2003;74:573-578. View abstract.
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  725. Bonnefont-Rousselot, D., Cheve, G., Gozzo, A., Tailleux, A., Guilloz, V., Caisey, S., Teissier, E., Fruchart, J. C., Delattre, J., Jore, D., Lesieur, D., Duriez, P., and Gardes-Albert, M. Melatonin related compounds inhibit lipid peroxidation during copper or free radical-induced LDL oxidation. J Pineal Res 2002;33:109-117. View abstract.
  726. Lee, Y. M., Chen, H. R., Hsiao, G., Sheu, J. R., Wang, J. J., and Yen, M. H. Protective effects of melatonin on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. J Pineal Res 2002;33:72-80. View abstract.
  727. Valenti, S. and Giusti, M. Melatonin participates in the control of testosterone secretion from rat testis: an overview of our experience. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2002;966:284-289. View abstract.
  728. Antolin, I., Mayo, J. C., Sainz, R. M., del Brio, Mde L., Herrera, F., Martin, V., and Rodriguez, C. Protective effect of melatonin in a chronic experimental model of Parkinson's disease. Brain Res 7-12-2002;943:163-173. View abstract.
  729. Koyama, H., Nakade, O., Takada, Y., Kaku, T., and Lau, K. H. Melatonin at pharmacologic doses increases bone mass by suppressing resorption through down-regulation of the RANKL-mediated osteoclast formation and activation. J Bone Miner.Res 2002;17:1219-1229. View abstract.
  730. Reiter, R. J. and Tan, D. X. Melatonin: an antioxidant in edible plants. Ann.N.Y.Acad.Sci. 2002;957:341-344. View abstract.
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  733. Pita, M. L., Hoyos, M., Martin-Lacave, I., Osuna, C., Fernandez-Santos, J. M., and Guerrero, J. M. Long-term melatonin administration increases polyunsaturated fatty acid percentage in plasma lipids of hypercholesterolemic rats. J Pineal Res 2002;32:179-186. View abstract.
  734. Pei, Z., Pang, S. F., and Cheung, R. T. Pretreatment with melatonin reduces volume of cerebral infarction in a rat middle cerebral artery occlusion stroke model. J Pineal Res 2002;32:168-172. View abstract.
  735. Pappolla, M. A., Simovich, M. J., Bryant-Thomas, T., Chyan, Y. J., Poeggeler, B., Dubocovich, M., Bick, R., Perry, G., Cruz-Sanchez, F., and Smith, M. A. The neuroprotective activities of melatonin against the Alzheimer beta- protein are not mediated by melatonin membrane receptors. J Pineal Res 2002;32:135-142. View abstract.
  736. Johnson, K., Page, A., Williams, H., Wassemer, E., and Whitehouse, W. The use of melatonin as an alternative to sedation in uncooperative children undergoing an MRI examination. Clin Radiol. 2002;57:502-506. View abstract.
  737. Lewy, A. J., Emens, J. S., Sack, R. L., Hasler, B. P., and Bernert, R. A. Low, but not high, doses of melatonin entrained a free-running blind person with a long circadian period. Chronobiol.Int 2002;19:649-658. View abstract.
  738. Luboshitzky, R., Shen-Orr, Z., Nave, R., Lavi, S., and Lavie, P. Melatonin administration alters semen quality in healthy men. J Androl 2002;23:572-578. View abstract.
  739. Tailleux, A., Torpier, G., Bonnefont-Rousselot, D., Lestavel, S., Lemdani, M., Caudeville, B., Furman, C., Foricher, R., Gardes-Albert, M., Lesieur, D., Rolando, C., Teissier, E., Fruchart, J. C., Clavey, V., Fievet, C., and Duriez, P. Daily melatonin supplementation in mice increases atherosclerosis in proximal aorta. Biochem.Biophys.Res Commun. 5-10-2002;293:1114-1123. View abstract.
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  741. Celebi, S., Dilsiz, N., Yilmaz, T., and Kukner, A. S. Effects of melatonin, vitamin E and octreotide on lipid peroxidation during ischemia-reperfusion in the guinea pig retina. Eur.J Ophthalmol. 2002;12:77-83. View abstract.
  742. Sewerynek, E. Melatonin and the cardiovascular system. Neuroendocrinol.Lett 2002;23 Suppl 1:79-83. View abstract.
  743. Lewinski, A. and Karbownik, M. REVIEW. Melatonin and the thyroid gland. Neuroendocrinol.Lett 2002;23 Suppl 1:73-78. View abstract.
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  745. Gupta, Y. K., Chaudhary, G., and Sinha, K. Enhanced protection by melatonin and meloxicam combination in a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of acute ischemic stroke in rat. Can J Physiol Pharmacol. 2002;80:210-217. View abstract.
  746. Calvo, J. R., Guerrero, J. M., Osuna, C., Molinero, P., and Carrillo-Vico, A. Melatonin triggers Crohn's disease symptoms. J Pineal Res 2002;32:277-278. View abstract.
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  750. Blask, D. E., Sauer, L. A., and Dauchy, R. T. Melatonin as a chronobiotic/anticancer agent: cellular, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of action and their implications for circadian-based cancer therapy. Curr.Top.Med Chem. 2002;2:113-132. View abstract.
  751. Awney, H. A., Attih, A. M., Habib, S. L., and Mostafa, M. H. Effect of melatonin on the production of microsomal hydrogen peroxide and cytochrome P-450 content in rat treated with aflatoxin B. Toxicology 3-20-2002;172:143-148. View abstract.
  752. Mohanan, P. V. and Yamamoto, H. A. Preventive effect of melatonin against brain mitochondria DNA damage, lipid peroxidation and seizures induced by kainic acid. Toxicol.Lett. 3-24-2002;129(1-2):99-105. View abstract.
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  754. Iuvone, P. M., Brown, A. D., Haque, R., Weller, J., Zawilska, J. B., Chaurasia, S. S., Ma, M., and Klein, D. C. Retinal melatonin production: role of proteasomal proteolysis in circadian and photic control of arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase. Invest Ophthalmol.Vis.Sci. 2002;43:564-572. View abstract.
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  756. Gitto, E., Karbownik, M., Reiter, R. J., Tan, D. X., Cuzzocrea, S., Chiurazzi, P., Cordaro, S., Corona, G., Trimarchi, G., and Barberi, I. Effects of melatonin treatment in septic newborns. Pediatr Res 2001;50:756-760. View abstract.
  757. Sharkey, K. M., Fogg, L. F., and Eastman, C. I. Effects of melatonin administration on daytime sleep after simulated night shift work. J Sleep Res 2001;10:181-192. View abstract.
  758. Wakatsuki, A., Okatani, Y., Ikenoue, N., Shinohara, K., Watanabe, K., and Fukaya, T. Melatonin protects against oxidized low-density lipoprotein-induced inhibition of nitric oxide production in human umbilical artery. J Pineal Res 2001;31:281-288. View abstract.
  759. Granzotto, M., Rapozzi, V., Decorti, G., and Giraldi, T. Effects of melatonin on doxorubicin cytotoxicity in sensitive and pleiotropically resistant tumor cells. J Pineal Res 2001;31:206-213. View abstract.
  760. Harris, A. S., Burgess, H. J., and Dawson, D. The effects of day-time exogenous melatonin administration on cardiac autonomic activity. J Pineal Res 2001;31:199-205. View abstract.
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  763. Karasek, M., Kowalski, A. J., and Zylinska, K. Serum melatonin circadian profile in women suffering from the genital tract cancers. Neuroendocrinol.Lett 2000;21:109-113. View abstract.
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  765. Kim, B. C., Shon, B. S., Ryoo, Y. W., Kim, S. P., and Lee, K. S. Melatonin reduces X-ray irradiation-induced oxidative damages in cultured human skin fibroblasts. J Dermatol Sci 2001;26:194-200. View abstract.
  766. Norman, T. R., Piccolo, J., Voudouris, N., and Burrows, G. D. The effect of single oral doses of zopiclone on nocturnal melatonin secretion in healthy male volunteers. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol Psychiatry 2001;25:825-833. View abstract.
  767. Ninomiya, T., Iwatani, N., Tomoda, A., and Miike, T. Effects of exogenous melatonin on pituitary hormones in humans. Clin Physiol 2001;21:292-299. View abstract.
  768. Dai, J., Ram, P. T., Yuan, L., Spriggs, L. L., and Hill, S. M. Transcriptional repression of RORalpha activity in human breast cancer cells by melatonin. Mol.Cell Endocrinol 5-15-2001;176(1-2):111-120. View abstract.
  769. Atkinson, G., Buckley, P., Edwards, B., Reilly, T., and Waterhouse, J. Are there hangover-effects on physical performance when melatonin is ingested by athletes before nocturnal sleep? Int J Sports Med 2001;22:232-234. View abstract.
  770. Wakatsuki, A., Okatani, Y., Ikenoue, N., Kaneda, C., and Fukaya, T. Effects of short-term melatonin administration on lipoprotein metabolism in normolipidemic postmenopausal women. Maturitas 4-20-2001;38:171-177. View abstract.
  771. Graw, P., Werth, E., Krauchi, K., Gutzwiller, F., Cajochen, C., and Wirz-Justice, A. Early morning melatonin administration impairs psychomotor vigilance. Behav Brain Res 2001;121(1-2):167-172. View abstract.
  772. Hartter, S., Wang, X., Weigmann, H., Friedberg, T., Arand, M., Oesch, F., and Hiemke, C. Differential effects of fluvoxamine and other antidepressants on the biotransformation of melatonin. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2001;21:167-174. View abstract.
  773. Munoz-Hoyos, A., Hubber, E., Escames, G., Molina-Carballo, A., Macias, M., Valenzuela-Ruiz, A., Fernandez-Garcia, J. M., and Acuna-Castroviejo, D. Effect of propranolol plus exercise on melatonin and growth hormone levels in children with growth delay. J Pineal Res 2001;30:75-81. View abstract.
  774. Reiter, R. J., Calvo, J. R., Karbownik, M., Qi, W., and Tan, D. X. Melatonin and its relation to the immune system and inflammation. Ann N.Y.Acad Sci 2000;917:376-386. View abstract.
  775. Cugini, P., Touitou, Y., Bogdan, A., Auzeby, A., Pellegrino, A. M., Fontana, S., Vacca, K., Siena, G. D., Di Rosa, R., Zannella, F. P., Zannella, P., Zannella, A., Sepe, F. A., and Sepe, L. Is melatonin circadian rhythm a physiological feature associated with healthy longevity? A study of long-living subjects and their progeny. Chronobiol Int 2001;18:99-107. View abstract.
  776. Zaslavskaia, R. M., Biiasilov, N. S., Akhmetov, K. Z., and Teiblium, M. M. [Capozide-50 alone and in combination with melatonin in therapy of hypertension]. Klin.Med (Mosk) 2000;78:39-41. View abstract.
  777. Maestroni, G. J. The immunotherapeutic potential of melatonin. Expert.Opin Investig Drugs 2001;10:467-476. View abstract.
  778. Cagnacci, A., Arangino, S., Angiolucci, M., Melis, G. B., Facchinetti, F., Malmusi, S., and Volpe, A. Effect of exogenous melatonin on vascular reactivity and nitric oxide in postmenopausal women: role of hormone replacement therapy. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2001;54:261-266. View abstract.
  779. Okatani, Y., Wakatsuki, A., and Reiter, R. J. Melatonin counteracts potentiation by homocysteine of KCL-induced vasoconstriction in human umbilical artery: relation to calcium influx. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1-26-2001;280:940-944. View abstract.
  780. Bartsch, H., Buchberger, A., Franz, H., Bartsch, C., Maidonis, I., Mecke, D., and Bayer, E. Effect of melatonin and pineal extracts on human ovarian and mammary tumor cells in a chemosensitivity assay. Life Sci 11-3-2000;67:2953-2960. View abstract.
  781. Fourtillan, J. B., Brisson, A. M., Fourtillan, M., Ingrand, I., Decourt, J. P., and Girault, J. Melatonin secretion occurs at a constant rate in both young and older men and women. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2001;280:E11-E22. View abstract.
  782. Edwards, B. J., Atkinson, G., Waterhouse, J., Reilly, T., Godfrey, R., and Budgett, R. Use of melatonin in recovery from jet-lag following an eastward flight across 10 time-zones. Ergonomics 2000;43:1501-1513. View abstract.
  783. Marelli, M. M., Limonta, P., Maggi, R., Motta, M., and Moretti, R. M. Growth-inhibitory activity of melatonin on human androgen-independent DU 145 prostate cancer cells. Prostate 11-1-2000;45:238-244. View abstract.
  784. Cagnacci, A., Arangino, S., Angiolucci, M., Melis, G. B., Tarquini, R., Renzi, A., and Volpe, A. Different circulatory response to melatonin in postmenopausal women without and with hormone replacement therapy. J Pineal Res 2000;29:152-158. View abstract.
  785. Shamir, E., Barak, Y., Plopsky, I., Zisapel, N., Elizur, A., and Weizman, A. Is melatonin treatment effective for tardive dyskinesia? J Clin Psychiatry 2000;61:556-558. View abstract.
  786. Jan, J. E., Hamilton, D., Seward, N., Fast, D. K., Freeman, R. D., and Laudon, M. Clinical trials of controlled-release melatonin in children with sleep- wake cycle disorders. J Pineal Res 2000;29:34-39. View abstract.
  787. Zaslavskaia, R. M., Komarov, F. I., Shakirova, A. N., Teiblium, M. M., and Akhmetov, K. Z. [Effect of moxonidine monotherapy and in combination with melatonin on hemodynamic parameters in patients with arterial hypertension]. Klin.Med (Mosk) 2000;78:41-44. View abstract.
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