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Ashwagandha

¿Qué es?

Ashwagandha es un arbusto de hoja perenne que crece en Asia y África. Se usa comúnmente para el estrés. Hay poca evidencia de su uso como "adaptógeno".

Ashwagandha contiene sustancias químicas que pueden ayudar a calmar el cerebro, reducir la hinchazón, disminuir la presión arterial y alterar el sistema inmunológico.

Dado que la ashwagandha se usa tradicionalmente como adaptógeno, se usa para muchas afecciones relacionadas con el estrés. Se cree que los adaptógenos ayudan al cuerpo a resistir el estrés físico y mental. Algunas de las condiciones para las que se usa incluyen insomnio, envejecimiento, ansiedad y muchas otras, pero no existe una buena evidencia científica que respalde la mayoría de estos usos. Tampoco hay buena evidencia que respalde el uso de ashwagandha para COVID-19.

No confunda ashwagandha con Physalis alkekengi. Ambos se conocen como cereza de invierno. Además, no confunda ashwagandha con ginseng americano, Panax ginseng o eleutero.

¿Qué tan efectivo es?

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (La Base Exhaustiva de Datos de Medicamentos Naturales) clasifica la eficacia, basada en evidencia científica, de acuerdo a la siguiente escala: Eficaz, Probablemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Ineficaz, Probablemente Ineficaz, Ineficaz, e Insuficiente Evidencia para Hacer una Determinación.

La clasificación de la eficacia para este producto es la siguiente:

Posiblemente eficaz para...

  • Un tipo de ansiedad persistente marcada por preocupación y tensión exageradas (trastorno de ansiedad generalizada o TAG). La ingesta de ashwagandha parece mejorar la ansiedad en personas con ansiedad persistente.
  • Insomnio. La ingesta de ashwagandha parece mejorar el patrón de sueño y la calidad del sueño en general en ciertas personas.
  • Estrés. La ingesta de ashwagandha parece ayudar a reducir el estrés en algunas personas. También podría ayudar a reducir el aumento de peso relacionado con el estrés.
Existe interés en usar ashwagandha para otros propósitos, pero no hay suficiente información confiable para decir si podría ser útil..

¿Es seguro?

Cuando se toma por vía oral: Ashwagandha es posiblemente segura cuando se usa hasta por 3 meses. Se desconoce la seguridad a largo plazo de ashwagandha. Grandes dosis de ashwagandha pueden causar malestar estomacal, diarrea y vómitos. En raras ocasiones, pueden ocurrir problemas hepáticos, como insuficiencia hepática grave y la necesidad de un trasplante de hígado.

Cuando se aplica a la piel: La loción que contiene ashwagandha posiblemente sea segura cuando se usa por hasta 2 meses.

Advertencias y precauciones especiales:

Embarazo: Es probable que no sea seguro usar ashwagandha durante el embarazo. Existe alguna evidencia de que la ashwagandha podría causar abortos espontáneos.

Lactancia: No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si la ashwagandha es segura de usar durante la lactancia. Manténgase en el lado seguro y evite su uso.

"Enfermedades autoinmunes" como esclerosis múltiple (EM), lupus (lupus eritematoso sistémico, LES), artritis reumatoide (AR) u otras condiciones: Ashwagandha podría hacer que el sistema inmunológico se vuelva más activo y esto podría aumentar los síntomas. de enfermedades autoinmunes. Si tiene una de estas condiciones, es mejor evitar el uso de ashwagandha.

Cirugía: Ashwagandha puede ralentizar el sistema nervioso central. Los proveedores de atención médica temen que la anestesia y otros medicamentos durante y después de la cirugía puedan aumentar este efecto. Deje de tomar ashwagandha al menos 2 semanas antes de una cirugía programada.

Trastornos de la tiroides: Ashwagandha podría aumentar los niveles de hormona tiroidea. Ashwagandha debe usarse con precaución o evitarse si tiene una condición de la tiroides o toma medicamentos con hormonas tiroideas.

¿Existen interacciones con medicamentos?

Moderadas
Tenga cuidado con esta combinación
Hormona tiroidea
El cuerpo produce hormonas tiroideas naturalmente. Ashwagandha podría aumentar la cantidad de hormona tiroidea que produce el cuerpo. Tomar ashwagandha con píldoras de hormona tiroidea puede causar demasiada hormona tiroidea en el cuerpo y aumentar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de la hormona tiroidea.
Medicamentos para la diabetes (medicamentos antidiabéticos)
Ashwagandha podría reducir los niveles de azúcar en sangre. La ingesta de ashwagandha junto con medicamentos para la diabetes puede hacer que el azúcar en sangre baje demasiado. Controle de cerca su nivel de azúcar en sangre.
Medicamentos para la presión arterial alta (medicamentos antihipertensivos)
Ashwagandha podría reducir la presión arterial. La ingesta de ashwagandha junto con medicamentos que reducen la presión arterial puede hacer que la presión arterial baje demasiado. Controle su presión arterial de cerca.
Medicamentos que disminuyen el sistema inmunológico (inmunosupresores)
Ashwagandha puede aumentar la actividad del sistema inmunológico. Algunos medicamentos, como los que se usan después de un trasplante, disminuyen la actividad del sistema inmunológico. La ingesta de ashwagandha junto con estos medicamentos podría disminuir los efectos de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos sedantes (benzodiazepinas)
Ashwagandha puede causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Algunos medicamentos, llamados sedantes, también pueden causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Tomar ashwagandha con medicamentos sedantes puede causar problemas respiratorios y / o demasiada somnolencia.
Medicamentos sedantes (depresores del SNC)
Ashwagandha puede causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Algunos medicamentos, llamados sedantes, también pueden causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Tomar ashwagandha con medicamentos sedantes puede causar problemas respiratorios y / o demasiada somnolencia.

¿Existen interacciones con hierbas y suplementos?

Hierbas y suplementos con propiedades sedantes
Ashwagandha puede causar somnolencia y respiración lenta. Tomarlo junto con otros suplementos con efectos similares puede causar demasiada somnolencia y / o respiración lenta en algunas personas. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen lúpulo, kava, L-triptófano, melatonina y valeriana.
Hierbas y suplementos que pueden reducir la presión arterial
Ashwagandha podría reducir la presión arterial. Tomarlo con otros suplementos que tienen el mismo efecto puede hacer que la presión arterial baje demasiado. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen andrographis, péptidos de caseína, L-arginina, niacina y ortiga.

¿Existen interacciones con alimentos?

No se conoce ninguna interacción con alimentos.

¿Como se usa normalmente?

La ashwagandha ha sido utilizada con mayor frecuencia por adultos en dosis de hasta 1000 mg al día, durante un máximo de 12 semanas. Hable con un proveedor de atención médica para averiguar qué dosis podría ser la mejor para una afección específica.

Otros nombres

Ajagandha, Amangura, Amukkirag, Asan, Asana, Asgand, Asgandh, Asgandha, Ashagandha, Ashvagandha, Ashwaganda, Ashwanga, Asoda, Asundha, Asvagandha, Aswagandha, Avarada, Ayurvedic Ginseng, Cerise d'Hiver, Clustered Wintercherry, Ghoda Asoda, Ginseng Ayurvédique, Ginseng Indien, Hayahvaya, Indian Ginseng, Indian Winter Cherry, Kanaje Hindi, Kuthmithi, Orovale, Peyette, Physalis somnifera, Samm Al Ferakh, Samm Al Rerakh, Sogade-Beru, Strychnos, Turangi-Ghanda, Vajigandha, Winter Cherry, Withania, Withania somnifera.

Metodología

Para saber más sobre cómo este artículo fue escrito, refiérase a la metodología de la Base exhaustiva de datos de medicamentos naturales.

Referencias

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Documento revisado - 09/08/2023