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Lactobacillus Acidophilus

¿Qué es?

Lactobacillus acidophilus (L. acidophilus) es un tipo de probiótico (bacteria "buena") que se encuentra en el intestino, la boca y la vagina humanos, y también en ciertos alimentos.

Las bacterias "buenas" como L. acidophilus pueden ayudar a descomponer los alimentos, absorber los nutrientes y combatir los organismos "malos" que pueden causar enfermedades. L. acidophilus a veces se agrega a alimentos fermentados como el yogur y también se encuentra en suplementos probióticos.

Las personas comúnmente usan L. acidophilus para la diarrea causada por antibióticos, así como para el síndrome del intestino irritable (SII), el crecimiento excesivo de bacterias en la vagina y una infección causada por la bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). También se usa para el acné, la fiebre del heno, el eccema y muchas otras condiciones, pero no existe evidencia científica sólida que respalde muchos de estos otros usos. Tampoco hay buena evidencia para apoyar el uso de L. acidophilus COVID-19.

No confunda L. acidophilus con otros probióticos o con productos alimenticios fermentados como leche fermentada, kéfir o yogur. Estos no son lo mismo. También tenga en cuenta que el género Lactobacillus se dividió en 25 géneros diferentes en abril de 2020. Los nombres de algunas otras especies cambiaron, pero L. acidophilus permaneció igual.

¿Qué tan efectivo es?

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (La Base Exhaustiva de Datos de Medicamentos Naturales) clasifica la eficacia, basada en evidencia científica, de acuerdo a la siguiente escala: Eficaz, Probablemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Ineficaz, Probablemente Ineficaz, Ineficaz, e Insuficiente Evidencia para Hacer una Determinación.

La clasificación de la eficacia para este producto es la siguiente:

Posiblemente eficaz para...

  • Diarrea en personas que toman antibióticos (diarrea asociada a antibióticos). Tomar L. acidophilus por vía oral, solo o con otros probióticos, parece reducir el riesgo de diarrea mientras se toman antibióticos.
  • Crecimiento excesivo de bacterias en la vagina. Los óvulos vaginales y las tabletas vaginales de L. acidophilus podrían ayudar a tratar esta condición. Pero no está claro si tomar L. acidophilus por vía oral ayuda.
  • Una infección del tracto digestivo que puede provocar úlceras (Helicobacter pylori o H. pylori). Tomar L. acidophilus por vía oral junto con la mayoría de las terapias farmacológicas estándar ayuda a tratar las úlceras estomacales causadas por H. pylori.
  • Un trastorno a largo plazo del intestino grueso que causa dolor de estómago (síndrome del intestino irritable o SII). Tomar L. acidophilus por vía oral con otros probióticos parece reducir los síntomas del SII.

Posiblemente ineficaz para...

  • Propenso a alergias y reacciones alérgicas (enfermedad atópica). Tomar L. acidophilus por vía oral durante el embarazo, durante la lactancia o dárselo a los recién nacidos no parece prevenir las alergias en los niños.
Hay interés en usar L. acidophilus para otros propósitos, pero no hay suficiente información confiable para decir si podría ser útil.

¿Es seguro?

Cuando se toma por vía oral: L. acidophilus probablemente sea seguro. Se ha utilizado de forma segura junto con otros probióticos durante un máximo de 9 meses. Algunas personas pueden experimentar gases o hinchazón, pero por lo general se toleran bien.

Cuando se aplica en la vagina: L. acidophilus probablemente sea seguro. Se ha utilizado de forma segura durante un máximo de 12 semanas.

Advertencias y precauciones especiales:

Embarazo: L. acidophilus es posiblemente seguro cuando se toma por vía oral durante el embarazo. Se ha utilizado de forma segura junto con otros probióticos durante 6 semanas, a partir de las 24-28 semanas de embarazo.

Lactancia: No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si es seguro usar L. acidophilus durante la lactancia. Pero no hay razón para esperar problemas de seguridad cuando se usa adecuadamente bajo supervisión médica.

Niños: L. acidophilus probablemente sea seguro cuando se ingiere de manera adecuada en la mayoría de los niños. Se ha utilizado de forma segura solo y junto con otros probióticos. Sin embargo, no hay suficiente información confiable para saber si L. acidophilus es seguro para bebés prematuros muy pequeños.

Sistema inmunitario debilitado: Algunos probióticos han causado infecciones en la sangre en un pequeño número de personas con sistemas inmunitarios debilitados. Si tiene un sistema inmunitario debilitado, hable con su proveedor de atención médica antes de tomar probióticos, incluido L. acidophilus.

Válvulas cardíacas dañadas: Algunos probióticos han causado infecciones en el revestimiento interno de las cavidades cardíacas y las válvulas cardíacas. Esto es extremadamente raro, pero las personas con válvulas cardíacas dañadas deben dejar de tomar probióticos como Lactobacillus acidophilus antes de procedimientos dentales o quirúrgicos.

¿Existen interacciones con medicamentos?

Moderadas
Tenga cuidado con esta combinación
Medicamentos antibióticos
L. acidophilus es un tipo de bacteria amigable. Los antibióticos se usan para reducir las bacterias dañinas en el cuerpo. Tomar antibióticos junto con L. acidophilus puede reducir los efectos de L. acidophilus. Para evitar esta interacción, tome los productos de L. acidophilus al menos 2 horas antes o después de los antibióticos.

¿Existen interacciones con hierbas y suplementos?

No se conoce ninguna interacción con hierbas y suplementos.

¿Existen interacciones con alimentos?

No se conoce ninguna interacción con alimentos.

¿Como se usa normalmente?

L. acidophilus a veces se agrega a alimentos fermentados como el yogur, pero se usa más comúnmente en suplementos dietéticos.

En adultos, L. acidophilus se ha ingerido con mayor frecuencia por vía oral, solo o junto con otros probióticos, en dosis de hasta 60 mil millones de UFC al día durante un máximo de 6 meses. En los niños, L. acidophilus se ha ingerido con mayor frecuencia por vía oral en dosis de hasta 30 mil millones de UFC al día, durante un máximo de 3 meses. Hable con un proveedor de atención médica para averiguar qué dosis podría ser mejor para una condición específica.

Otros nombres

Acidophilus, Acidophilus Bifidus, Probiotic, Probiotique.

Metodología

Para saber más sobre cómo este artículo fue escrito, refiérase a la metodología de la Base exhaustiva de datos de medicamentos naturales.

Referencias

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Documento revisado - 04/12/2024