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Resveratrol

¿Qué es?

El resveratrol es una sustancia química que se encuentra principalmente en las uvas rojas y los productos elaborados con estas uvas (vino, jugo). Puede ser útil para la fiebre del heno y la pérdida de peso.

El resveratrol puede tener muchos efectos en el cuerpo, incluida la expansión de los vasos sanguíneos y la reducción de la coagulación de la sangre. También puede disminuir el dolor y la hinchazón, reducir los niveles de azúcar en la sangre y ayudar al cuerpo a combatir las enfermedades.

El resveratrol se usa más comúnmente para el colesterol alto, el cáncer, las enfermedades cardíacas y muchas otras condiciones. Pero no hay pruebas sólidas que respalden el uso del resveratrol.

¿Qué tan efectivo es?

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (La Base Exhaustiva de Datos de Medicamentos Naturales) clasifica la eficacia, basada en evidencia científica, de acuerdo a la siguiente escala: Eficaz, Probablemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Ineficaz, Probablemente Ineficaz, Ineficaz, e Insuficiente Evidencia para Hacer una Determinación.

La clasificación de la eficacia para este producto es la siguiente:

Posiblemente eficaz para...

  • Fiebre del heno. El uso de un aerosol nasal que contiene resveratrol tres veces al día durante 4 semanas parece reducir los síntomas de alergia en adultos con alergias estacionales. El uso de un aerosol nasal que contiene resveratrol y betaglucanos tres veces al día durante 2 meses también parece reducir los síntomas de alergia en los niños con alergias estacionales.
  • Obesidad. La ingesta de resveratrol parece aumentar la pérdida de peso en adultos obesos y con sobrepeso. Pero no parece mejorar la presión arterial, el control de la glucosa o los niveles de colesterol y otras grasas.

Posiblemente ineficaz para...

  • Cardiopatía. Las personas que consumen mayores cantidades de resveratrol en la dieta no parecen tener un riesgo menor de enfermedad cardíaca en comparación con las personas que consumen cantidades más bajas. Además, tomar resveratrol por vía oral no parece mejorar los niveles de colesterol o grasas en sangre llamadas triglicéridos en personas con riesgo de enfermedad cardíaca.
  • Colesterol alto. Tomar resveratrol por vía oral no parece mejorar los niveles de colesterol o de grasas en la sangre llamadas triglicéridos.
  • Una agrupación de síntomas que aumentan el riesgo de diabetes, enfermedad cardíaca y accidente cerebrovascular (síndrome metabólico). Tomar resveratrol por vía oral no parece reducir la presión arterial, el azúcar en la sangre o el colesterol en personas con síndrome metabólico.
  • Acumulación de grasa en el hígado en personas que beben poco o nada de alcohol (enfermedad del hígado graso no alcohólico o EHGNA). Tomar resveratrol por vía oral no parece mejorar la función hepática, las cicatrización del hígado o los niveles de colesterol en personas con EHGNA.
Hay interés en usar el resveratrol para otros propósitos, pero no hay suficiente información confiable para decir si podría ser útil.

¿Es seguro?

Cuando se toma por vía oral: Las personas a menudo consumen resveratrol en pequeñas cantidades en los alimentos. Los suplementos de resveratrol son posiblemente seguros cuando se toman por vía oral en dosis de hasta 1500 mg al día durante un máximo de 3 meses. Se han utilizado con seguridad dosis más altas de hasta 2000-3000 mg al día durante 2-6 meses. Pero estas dosis más altas tienen más probabilidades de causar malestar estomacal.

Cuando se aplica sobre la piel: El resveratrol es posiblemente seguro cuando se usa hasta por 30 días.

Cuando se rocía en la nariz: El resveratrol es posiblemente seguro cuando se usa hasta por 4 semanas.

Advertencias y precauciones especiales:

Embarazo y lactancia: Es probable que el resveratrol sea seguro cuando se usa en las cantidades que se encuentran en algunos alimentos. Sin embargo, durante el embarazo y la lactancia, la fuente de resveratrol es importante. El resveratrol se encuentra en la piel de la uva, el jugo de uva, el vino y otras fuentes alimenticias. El vino no debe utilizarse como fuente de resveratrol durante el embarazo o la lactancia.

Niños: La gente suele consumir resveratrol en pequeñas cantidades en los alimentos. Pero no hay suficiente información confiable para saber si es seguro tomarlo por vía oral en grandes cantidades. El resveratrol es posiblemente seguro en los niños cuando se rocía en la nariz hasta por 2 meses.

Trastornos hemorrágicos: El resveratrol podría retardar la coagulación sanguínea y aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia en personas con trastornos hemorrágicos.

Condición sensible a hormonas como cáncer de seno, cáncer de útero, cáncer de ovario, endometriosis o fibromas uterinos: El resveratrol podría actuar como estrógeno. Si tiene alguna afección que podría empeorar por la exposición al estrógeno, no use resveratrol.

Cirugía: El resveratrol puede aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia durante y después de la cirugía. Deje de usar resveratrol al menos 2 semanas antes de una cirugía programada.

¿Existen interacciones con medicamentos?

Moderadas
Tenga cuidado con esta combinación
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 1A1 (CYP1A1))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 1A2 (CYP1A2))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 1B1 (CYP1B1))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 2C19 (CYP2C19))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 2E1 (CYP2E1))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos modificados por el hígado (sustratos del citocromo P450 3A4 (CYP3A4))
Algunos medicamentos son modificados y degradados por el hígado. El resveratrol podría cambiar la rapidez con que el hígado descompone estos medicamentos. Esto podría cambiar los efectos y los efectos secundarios de estos medicamentos.
Medicamentos que retardan la coagulación de la sangre (medicamentos anticoagulantes / antiplaquetarios)
El resveratrol podría retardar la coagulación de la sangre. La ingesta de resveratrol junto con medicamentos que también retardan la coagulación de la sangre puede aumentar el riesgo de hematomas y sangrado.

¿Existen interacciones con hierbas y suplementos?

Hierbas y suplementos que pueden retardar la coagulación sanguínea
El resveratrol podría retardar la coagulación de la sangre y aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia. Tomarlo con otros suplementos con efectos similares podría aumentar el riesgo de hemorragia en algunas personas. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen ajo, jengibre, ginkgo, nattokinasa y Panax ginseng.

¿Existen interacciones con alimentos?

El resveratrol se puede tomar con o sin alimentos. Pero la ingesta de resveratrol con alimentos grasos podría reducir la cantidad que absorbe el cuerpo.

¿Como se usa normalmente?

El resveratrol ha sido utilizado con mayor frecuencia por adultos en dosis de 250-1000 mg por vía oral al día durante un máximo de 3 meses. También se utiliza a veces en aerosoles nasales. Hable con un proveedor de salud para averiguar qué dosis podría ser mejor para una condición específica.

Otros nombres

3,5,4' TriHydroxy-Transstibene, (E)- 5-(4-hydroxystyryl)benzene-1,3-diol, 3,4',5-stilbenetriol, 3,5,4' -trihydroxystilbene, 3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene, 3,5,4'-trihydroxy-trans-stilbene, Cis-Resveratrol, Extrait de Vin, Extrait de Vin Rouge, Kojo-Kon, Phytoalexin, Phytoalexine, Phytoestrogen, Phyto-œstrogène, Pilule de Vin, Protykin, Red Wine Extract, Resvératrol, Resveratrols, Resvératrols, RSV, RSVL, Stilbene Phytoalexin, Trans-Resveratrol, Trans-Resvératrol, Wine Extract, Wine Pill.

Metodología

Para saber más sobre cómo este artículo fue escrito, refiérase a la metodología de la Base exhaustiva de datos de medicamentos naturales.

Referencias

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Documento revisado - 02/23/2024