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Dirección de esta página: https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/druginfo/natural/1013.html

Arándano Azul

¿Qué es?

Los arándanos azules son frutas comestibles de la planta Vaccinium angustifolium. El arándano azul es un alimento común y, a veces, también se usa como medicina.

Los arándanos azules tienen un alto contenido de fibra, lo que puede ayudar con la digestión normal. También contienen vitamina C, otros antioxidantes y sustancias químicas que pueden reducir la inflamación y destruir las células cancerosas.

Las personas usan arándanos azules para el envejecimiento, la memoria y las habilidades de pensamiento, la presión arterial alta, el rendimiento atlético, la diabetes y muchas otras condiciones, pero no existe una buena evidencia científica que respalde estos usos.

No confundas arándano azul con arándano (bilberry). Están relacionados pero no son lo mismo. En países fuera de los EE. UU., el nombre arándano azul se usa para referirse a la planta que a menudo se llama arándano (bilberry) en los EE. UU.

¿Qué tan efectivo es?

Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database (La Base Exhaustiva de Datos de Medicamentos Naturales) clasifica la eficacia, basada en evidencia científica, de acuerdo a la siguiente escala: Eficaz, Probablemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Eficaz, Posiblemente Ineficaz, Probablemente Ineficaz, Ineficaz, e Insuficiente Evidencia para Hacer una Determinación.

La clasificación de la eficacia para este producto es la siguiente:

Posiblemente ineficaz para...

  • Hipertensión. Comer arándanos azules liofilizados o tomar arándanos azules en polvo por vía oral no reduce la presión arterial en personas con presión arterial alta u otros factores de riesgo de enfermedad cardíaca.
Hay interés en usar el arándano azul para otros propósitos, pero no hay suficiente información confiable para decir si podría ser útil.

¿Es seguro?

Cuando se toma por vía oral: La fruta entera, el jugo y los polvos de arándanos azules se consumen comúnmente en los alimentos. Las bebidas hechas con arándanos azules liofilizados pueden causar estreñimiento, diarrea, náuseas o vómitos en algunas personas.

No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si tomar hojas de arándanos azules es seguro o cuáles podrían ser los efectos secundarios.

Cuando se aplica sobre la piel: No hay suficiente información confiable para saber si el arándano azul es seguro o cuáles podrían ser los efectos secundarios.

Advertencias y precauciones especiales:

Embarazo y lactancia: La fruta del arándano azul se consume comúnmente en los alimentos. Pero no hay suficiente información confiable para saber si el arándano azul es seguro para usar en grandes cantidades como medicamento durante el embarazo o la lactancia. Manténgase en el lado seguro y apéguese a las cantidades de alimentos.

Deficiencia de glucosa-6-fosfato deshidrogenasa (G6PD): G6PD es un trastorno genético. Las personas con este trastorno tienen problemas para descomponer algunas sustancias químicas en los alimentos y los medicamentos. Uno o más de estos químicos se encuentran en los arándanos azules. Si tiene G6PD, consulte con su proveedor de atención médica antes de comer arándanos azules.

Cirugía: La fruta y la hoja del arándano azul podrían afectar los niveles de glucosa en la sangre y podrían interferir con el control del azúcar en la sangre durante y después de la cirugía.

¿Existen interacciones con medicamentos?

Menores
Preste atención a esta combinación
Buspirona (BuSpar)
El jugo de arándano azul podría disminuir la rapidez con la que el cuerpo se deshace de la buspirona. Pero esto no es probable que sea una preocupación importante.
Flurbiprofeno (Ansaid, otros)
El jugo de arándano azul podría disminuir la rapidez con la que el cuerpo se deshace del flurbiprofeno. Pero esto no es probable que sea una preocupación importante.
Medicamentos para la diabetes (Medicamentos antidiabéticos)
La fruta u hoja de arándano azul podría reducir los niveles de azúcar en la sangre. Tomar arándanos azules junto con medicamentos para la diabetes puede hacer que el nivel de azúcar en la sangre baje demasiado. Controle su nivel de azúcar en la sangre de cerca.

¿Existen interacciones con hierbas y suplementos?

Hierbas y suplementos que podrían reducir el azúcar en la sangre
La fruta u hoja del arándano azul podría reducir el azúcar en la sangre. Tomarlo con otros suplementos con efectos similares podría reducir demasiado el azúcar en la sangre. Ejemplos de suplementos con este efecto incluyen aloe, melón amargo, canela casia, cromo y nopal.

¿Existen interacciones con alimentos?

Beber leche junto con arándanos azul podría reducir los beneficios potenciales para la salud de los arándanos azules. El consumo de arándanos azules 1-2 horas antes o después de beber leche podría prevenir esta interacción.

¿Como se usa normalmente?

Los arándanos azules se consumen comúnmente en los alimentos. Como medicina, los arándanos azules liofilizados han sido utilizados con mayor frecuencia por adultos en dosis de 22 a 50 gramos por vía oral al día durante un máximo de 16 semanas. También se han utilizado extractos de arándanos azules y extractos de hojas de arándanos azules. Hable con un proveedor de atención médica para averiguar qué tipo de producto y dosis podrían ser mejores para una condición específica.

Otros nombres

Arándano, Bleuet, Bleuet des Champs, Bleuet des Montagnes, Bleuets, Blueberries, Highbush Blueberry, Hillside Blueberry, Lowbush Blueberry, Myrtille, Rabbiteye Blueberry, Rubel, Tifblue, Vaccinium altomontanum, Vaccinium amoenum, Vaccinium angustifolium, Vaccinium ashei, Vaccinium brittonii, Vaccinium constablaei, Vaccinium corymbosum, Vaccinium lamarckii, Vaccinium pallidum, Vaccinium pensylvanicum, Vaccinium vacillans, Vaccinium virgatum.

Metodología

Para saber más sobre cómo este artículo fue escrito, refiérase a la metodología de la Base exhaustiva de datos de medicamentos naturales.

Referencias

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Documento revisado - 07/17/2023