Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes
Complete plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 deficiency
At least three SERPINE1 gene mutations have been identified in people with complete plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) deficiency, a disorder that causes abnormal bleeding. In people with this disorder, bleeding after an injury can be excessive and last longer than usual. Affected females may have excessive bleeding associated with menstruation (menorrhagia), and abnormal bleeding in pregnancy and childbirth.
The SERPINE1 gene mutations that cause complete PAI-1 deficiency result in impaired production of the PAI-1 protein, or lead to production of PAI-1 protein that is nonfunctional or that is unstable and quickly broken down. Absence of functional PAI-1 protein allows plasminogen activators to dissolve blood clots prematurely, resulting in the abnormal bleeding associated with this disorder.
More About This Health ConditionOther Names for This Gene
- endothelial plasminogen activator inhibitor
- PAI
- PAI-1
- PAI1
- PLANH1
- plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 precursor
- serine (or cysteine) proteinase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1
- serpin E1
- serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade E (nexin, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1), member 1
Additional Information & Resources
Tests Listed in the Genetic Testing Registry
Scientific Articles on PubMed
Catalog of Genes and Diseases from OMIM
References
- Asselbergs FW, Pattin K, Snieder H, Hillege HL, van Gilst WH, Moore JH. Genetic architecture of tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2008 Sep;34(6):562-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0028-1103367. Epub 2008 Nov 28. Citation on PubMed
- Fay WP, Parker AC, Condrey LR, Shapiro AD. Human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) deficiency: characterization of a large kindred with a null mutation in the PAI-1 gene. Blood. 1997 Jul 1;90(1):204-8. Citation on PubMed
- Flevaris P, Vaughan D. The Role of Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor Type-1 in Fibrosis. Semin Thromb Hemost. 2017 Mar;43(2):169-177. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1586228. Epub 2016 Aug 24. Citation on PubMed
- Heiman M, Gupta S, Lewandowska M, Shapiro AD. Complete Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Deficiency. 2017 Aug 3 [updated 2023 Feb 23]. In: Adam MP, Feldman J, Mirzaa GM, Pagon RA, Wallace SE, Amemiya A, editors. GeneReviews(R) [Internet]. Seattle (WA): University of Washington, Seattle; 1993-2025. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK447152/ Citation on PubMed
- Mehta R, Shapiro AD. Plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 deficiency. Haemophilia. 2008 Nov;14(6):1255-60. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2008.01834.x. Citation on PubMed
- Yasar Yildiz S, Kuru P, Toksoy Oner E, Agirbasli M. Functional stability of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1. ScientificWorldJournal. 2014;2014:858293. doi: 10.1155/2014/858293. Epub 2014 Oct 15. Citation on PubMed or Free article on PubMed Central
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